Chapter 4: Consciousness

The notion that animals that are most at risk from predators sleep less is taken from which of the following perspectives

Evolutionary

Brain waves and the sleep cycle

High-frequency brains waves are associated with being awake

In his classic study of transcendental meditation, Benson found that meditation leads to:

a relaxation response

Elyse is a college student who has developed a tolerance to heroin and experiences symptoms whenever she doesn't have a "fix" at least every eight hours. She feels that she has lost control and has to organize her life around her habit. Elyse would be classified as having:

a substance use disorder

The model where dreams reflect neural activity

activation-synthesis model

The most popular drug on college campuses is

alcohol

Allegra is said to have hypnotic suggestibility. She is likely to

be prone to fantasy

What are children most likely to "outgrow"

bedwetting

A stimulant that boost self-confidence but also triggers rises in blood pressure and constricts the coronary arteries

cocaine

During a typical night of sleep, how many trips through the different stages of sleep does a human go through?

five

What substances distort perceptions?

hallucinogenic

When Clay joined AA in order to stop drinking, he received a pamphlet that described the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. These included

high blood pressure and rapid pulse, restlessness and tremors, anxiety and weakness

A substance use disorder is characterized by what

loss of control over the use of the substance

In meditation, one focuses on what to alter the normal person-environment relationship?

mantra

Because EEG patterns during REM sleep resemble those of the waking state, REM sleep is also called:

paradoxical sleep

What is most likely to be prescribed for use with hyperactive children

ritalin

When we say that we are "conscious of" seeing something or hearing a sound, we are referring to consciousness as:

sensory awareness

Consciousness has several meanings including:

sensory awareness, the selective aspect of attention, direct inner awareness, personal unity, and the waking state

Biological or physiological symptoms of a substance use disorder include what when one discontinues the use of a substance:

tolerance and an abstinence syndrome

Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness in which people are suggestible and behave as though they are in a:

trance