Chapter 4: Eukaryotic Cells

Which statement does NOT describe helminthic parasites? All are hermaphroditic. An important mode of transmission is ingestion of the eggs or organism from feces-contaminated food and water. All belong to one of two groups: roundworms or flatworms. All tend to have complex life cycles that can involve different host species. All reproduce sexually.

All are hermaphroditic.

Which pairing of organism and the chemical component of its cell wall is matched incorrectly? Bacteria: peptidoglycan Plants: cellulose Fungi: chitin Animals: cholesterol Protista: cellulose, silica, or other components

Animals: cholesterol

Which of the following is mismatched? Sporangiospores: asexual spores Basidiospores: sexual spores found in mushroom Zygospores: sexual reproduction Ascospores; asexual reproduction

Ascospores: asexual reproduction

Which statement is not true about eukaryotic ribosomes? Both bound and free ribosomes consist of a 40S and a 60S subunit. Bound ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Bound ribosomes produce proteins that are destined for secretion from the cell. Bound ribosomes are always bound while free ribosomes are always free. Ribosomes found in mitochondria are 70S rather than the 80S type found in the cytoplasm.

Bound ribosomes are always bound while free ribosomes are always free.

Most helminthic parasites spend at least some part of their life cycle in the genitourinary tract. respiratory tract. cardiovascular system. gastrointestinal tract. skin.

GI tract

The _______ resembles a series of flat sacs called cisternae. This organelle modifies, builds, sorts, and distributes products to the cell membrane to be secreted. Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Plasma membrane Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?

Golgi apparatus

__________ are a collection of tubular structures, either septate or aseptate, which allow for growth in most fungi. Mycoses Hyphae Conidiospores Spores

Hyphae

Choose the false statement about the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. It is an extension of the glycocalyx. It assists with maintaining the cell's shape. It arises from the centrosome. It protects against external mechanical stress forces.

It is an extension of the glycocalyx.

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?

Lysosomes

_____________ is a type of sexual reproduction that occurs in eukaryotes and results in four genetically unique haploid daughter cells. Endosymbiosis Binary fission Meiosis Mitosis

Meiosis

Choose the true statement(s) about mitochondria. To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer Mitochondria have 70S ribosomes. Photosynthetic cells lack mitochondria. Mitochondria make most of a cell's ATP. Mitochondria do not have their own DNA.

Mitochondria have 70S ribosomes Mitochondria make most of the cell's ATP

Which of the following processes is incorrectly matched to its description? Endocytosis: Imports materials into a cell Exocytosis: Exports materials out of a cell Pinocytosis: Imports dissolved substance using small vesicles Phagocytosis: Imports undissolved substances but not whole cells or viruses Receptor-mediated endocytosis: Uses specific binding between structures on the plasma membrane binding to ligands Submit

Pagocytosis: imports undissolved substances but not whole cells or viruses

Choose the true statement(s) about protists. To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer. Protists can be photosynthetic or heterotrophic. The term protozoan describes animal-like protists but is not a true taxonomic ranking. Protists only reproduce by asexual means. Protozoans are multicellular protists.

Protists can be photosynthetic or heterotrophic. The term protozoan describes animal-like protists but is not a true taxonomic ranking.

Which of the following is mismatched? Nucleus: houses the cell's DNA Ribosomes: central to RNA production in a cell Cytoskeleton: maintains the cell's shape Mitochondria: site of ATP production in a cell

Ribosomes: central to RNA production in a cell

Which of the following vesicles is incorrectly matched with its function? Lysosomes: contain hydrolytic enzymes and act as garbage disposal tools for the cell Secretory vesicles: ferry digestive enzymes to the endoplasmic reticulum Peroxisomes: contain enzymes that break down fats and amino acids and protect the cell from hydrogen peroxide Transport vesicles: move substances around the cell

Secretory vesicles: ferry digestive enzymes to the endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following statements describes eukaryotic cells? They may divide using binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis. They have a cell wall. They may contain a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. They contain membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus. They may contain 80S or 70S ribosomes in their cytoplasm.

They contain membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus.

The chromatin is the entry and exit point for material into and out of the nucleus. a collection of DNA and protein. a liquid filling the nucleus. an organelle which is continuous with the nuclear envelope. the site where ribosomal subunits begin their development.

a collection of DNA and protein

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes share which of the following features? contain a large and a small subunit composed of protein and rRNA function is making DNA composed of a large and a small subunit and composed of protein and rRNA composed of protein and rRNA, composed of a large and a small subunit, and function is making DNA

composed of a large and a small subunit and composed of protein and rRNA

Which of the following are asexual fungal spores? conidiospores and sporangiospores any type of fungal spore can be asexual or sexual depending on how it formed ascospores, basidiospores, and conidiospores ascospores, basidiospores, and zygospores No types of fungal spores are asexual.

conidospores and sporangiospores

A similarity between mitosis and meiosis is two sequential cell divisions. sexual reproduction. production of daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent. production of genetically unique daughter cells. copying DNA before the cell divides.

copying DNA before the cell divides

The structural framework of the cell is the

cytoskeleton

Which persons may be at increased risk for mycoses? those who have had their normal microbiome disrupted by antibiotic therapy those with weakened immune systems those who have not received the recommended vaccine schedule either those with weakened immune systems or those who have had their normal microbiome disrupted by antibiotic therapy either those with weakened immune systems or those who have not received the recommended vaccine schedule

either those with weakened immune systems or those who have had their normal microbiome disrupted by antibiotic therapy

Which does NOT describe eukaryotic flagella? flagellin protein anchored by a basal body connected to a centriole whip-like motion 9+2 arrangement of microtubules plasma membrane-enclosed

flagellin protein

Vesicles that bud off the ER are typically shuttled to the ________ where their contents can be modified, sorted, and distributed. nucleus plasma membrane lysosome mitochondria Golgi apparatus

golgi apparatus

The primary function of the nucleus is production of the cell's energy molecule, ATP. housing the cell's DNA. serving as the site of ribosome synthesis of protein. digestion and processing of nutrients. serving as the site of most of the cell's chemical reactions.

housing the cell's DNA

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?

mRNA

Protozoans are mainly grouped by their __________. mode of reproduction nutritional requirements spore-forming potential means of motility

means of motility

Where is ATP made?

mitochondria

Fungal infections are called sporgangia. basidium. dimorphic. mycoses. coencytic.

mycoses

Which is not a function which the cytoskeleton performs? movement of the cell movement of chromosomes during cell division passive transport of substances through the plasma membrane transport of vesicles and organelles protection from external forces

passive transport of substances through the plasma membrane

Which feature is not found in protozoans? performs photosynthesis may reproduce sexually or asexually usually heterotrophic unicellular no cell walls

performs photosynthesis

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?

plasma membrane

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by:

ribosomes

Where are lipids made in the cell?

smooth ER

Evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory includes: the presence of 70S ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts. a single membrane enclosing the mitochondria and chloroplasts. the presence of 70S ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts and a single membrane enclosing the mitochondria and chloroplasts linear DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts. linear DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts. the presence of 70S ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts and a single membrane enclosing the mitochondria and chloroplasts.

the presence of 70S ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Where are cilia found in the human body? oral cavity upper respiratory tract female reproductive system large intestine lining blood vessels

upper respiratory tract