Chapter 4

Suppose you wish to run two different operating systems on one server. You can accomplish this by using _______.

A multiprocessor operating system

New cars come with onboard computer systems that control antilock brakes, air bag deployment, fuel injection, etc. They run operating system software known as ____.

An embedded operating system

Currently, though many different programming languages are used, most software is developed using _____.

An integrated development environment

A _____ is a climate- and access-controlled building or a set of buildings that houses the computer hardware that delivers an organization's data and information services.

Data mart

What criteria are used by the Uptime Institute to classify data centers into four tiers?

Expected annual downtime, fault tolerance, and power outage protection

_____ is an approach concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design, manufacture, operation, and disposal of IS-related products.

Green computing

_____ is the use of a collection of computers, often owned by many people or different organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.

Grid computing

A(n) _____ device provides data and instructions to the computer and receives results from it.

Input/output

The _____ is the heart of the operating system and controls its most critical processes.

Kernel

_____ is an open-source operating system whose source code is freely available to everyone

Linux

The component of a computer that provides the CPU with a working storage area for program instructions and data is called the __________.

Main memory

_____ is an example of a popular general-purpose software suite for personal computer users.

Microsoft Office

An operating system with _____ capabilities allows a user to run more than one program concurrently

Multitasking

Helen is 72 years old and is a retired school teacher on a fixed income. She would like to buy a new computer so that she can communicate via email, follow friends and family on social media, and occasionally access recipes and gardening tips from the Web. An important thing to consider is that Helen has arthritis in her hands, making it difficult for her to work with small buttons and gadgets. So, of the following options, her best choice is probably a(n) ________.

Nettop

A type of memory whose contents are not lost if the power is turned off or interrupted is said to be _____.

Nonvolatile

Completing an instruction involves two phases—instruction and execution—which are each broken down into two steps for a total of four steps. Which of the following is NOT one of the four steps?

Process data

All of the following are examples of activities performed by an operating system EXCEPT ________.

Providing word processing capabilities to users

The class of computer systems used by multiple concurrent users offers businesses the potential to increase their processing capability to handle more users, more data, or more transactions in a given period, which is known as _____.

Scalability

A _____ is a computer employed by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications

Server

When a business wishes to move away from hosting its own applications, a solution that offers many advantages is to use ______.

Software as a service

_____ are the most powerful computers with the fastest processing speed and highest performance.

Supercomputers

3D printing is ________.

Used to make solid objects from filaments or powder

An information system that operates in the _____ sphere of influence supports teamwork between two or more people who work together to achieve a common goal, regardless of where those team members live.

Workgroup

The simultaneous execution of two or more instructions at once by a computer is known as _____.

multiprocessing

CPU clock speed is the predetermined rate at which the processor _____.

produces a serious or electronic pulses