Chapter 4 Quiz

In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court held that a. prohibiting contraceptives violated a right to personal privacy. b. laws banning contraceptives are legal. c. abortion was illegal. d. parts of the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Amendments contributed to a constitutional right to privacy.

A

In Osborne v. Ohio, the Supreme Court ruled that states can outlaw the possession of child pornography in the home a. because owning the material perpetuates commercial demand for it and for the exploitation of children involved. b. to protect children who may be living in the home. c. because it universally violates community standards. d. because it encourages deviant and exploitive behavior. e. because it employs graphics, as opposed to mere text.

A

In Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, the Supreme Court ruled that states may a. ban the use of public hospitals for performing abortions. b. require public employees to assist in abortions. c. ban second trimester abortions even if the woman's life is at risk. d. require a waiting period of twenty-four hours.

A

Legislation that allows the government to conduct "roving" wiretaps has raised issues under the a. time, place, and manner test. b. First Amendment. c. conflict-with- legitimate-governmental- or-social- interests test. d. "fighting words" test.

A

The New York Times v. United States case a. affirmed the no-prior- restraint doctrine. b. upheld the government's right to provide the public with information about Vietnam. c. punished the New York Times for publishing secret documents. d. affirmed the free speech of students in public schools.

A

The bad tendency rule meant that a. speech may be curtailed if there is a possibility that such expression might lead to some evil. b. Congress could prevent any speech it did not like. c. if some people could be hurt by what was said, such speech was not protected. d. anyone could advocate the overthrow of the U.S. government

A

The type of media that has the least First Amendment protection is a. motion pictures. b. radio and television broadcasting. c. newspapers. d. magazines.

A

When a person has either knowledge of a defamatory statement's falsity or a reckless disregard for the truth, he or she is said to have a. actual malice. b. malignant intent. c. creative license. d. unauthorized information.

A

With regard to physician-assisted suicide, the Supreme Court has said that a. the liberty interest does not include a right to commit suicide. b. states have a right to protect the families of those who choose physician-assisted suicide. c. doctors must comply if a terminal patient asks for physician-assisted suicide. d. the Constitution protects a person's right to make all decisions regarding his or her death.

A

Gag orders have been used to a. prohibit one criminal from testifying against another. b. restrict the publication of news about a pretrial hearing. c. restrict what a juror may say to the press after the trial. d. restrict what evidence must be shown to defense lawyers.

B

In 2000, the Supreme Court addressed the abortion issue directly when it reviewed a Nebraska law banning a. first trimester abortions. b. "partial-birth" abortions. c. abortions in cases of incest or rape. d. abortions for women under the age of eighteen.

B

In the Everson v. Board of Education case, the Supreme Court held that a. school prayer is legal. b. no tax can be levied to support any religious activities or institutions. c. government-funded schools may support religion. d. states may take action against people practicing their religion.

B

Which of the following BEST defines civil liberties? a. Civil liberties are not particularly important. b. Civil liberties restrain the actions of government against individuals. c. Civil liberties allow the government the liberty to do what it likes. d. Civil liberties are values that libertarians do little to try to defend.

B

An individual's trial rights include all of the following EXCEPT a. the right to an impartial jury selected from a cross-section of the community. b. the right to a speedy and public trial before a jury. c. the right not to be subject to lengthy questioning. d. no compulsory self-incrimination. e. a trial atmosphere free of prejudice.

C

Before the latter half of the nineteenth century, abortion was a. legal at any point before the onset of labor. b. a criminal offense at any point in the pregnancy. c. not a criminal offense before the first movement of the fetus in the uterus. d. not a criminal offense if the woman's husband agreed to it.

C

In 1903, the Supreme Court ruled that the government could not deport someone without a. giving them ninety days notice. b. a special type of hearing with less strict due process standards than those set forth in the Constitution. c. a hearing that meets constitutional due process standards. d. informing their family.

C

It was not until the _______ was ratified that the Bill of Rights began to be applied to the states. a. Twelfth Amendment b. Thirteenth Amendment c. Fourteenth Amendment d. Fifteenth Amendment

C

The part of the First Amendment prohibiting the national government from interfering with religious practices is called the a. church-state separation clause. b. diversity clause. c. free exercise clause. d. religious freedom clause.

C

A defendant's pretrial rights include all of the following EXCEPT a. to be informed of the charges. b. the right to legal counsel. c. the right to remain silent. d. negotiable bail.

D

According to the Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade, which of the following restrictions may the state place on abortions? a. During the first trimester, the state can prevent some abortions for reasons relating to the mother's health. b. During the second trimester, the state can prevent all abortions. c. During the third trimester, the state cannot regulate abortion except to require that it be performed by a doctor. d. During the third trimester, the state may regulate or outlaw abortions except when necessary to preserve the life or health of the mother.

D

All of the following are true about religious displays on public property EXCEPT that a. court cases over these issues have been ruled upon under the establishment clause. b. religious displays have been allowed in certain situations. c. displays of a crèche at Christmastime may be allowed if secular displays are also being shown. d. nativity scenes have been allowed as stand-alone displays.

D

All of the following concerning the Lemon v. Kurtzman case is true EXCEPT a. government aid to religious schools is constitutional. b. the nature of government aid to schools must be secular. c. government aid to schools could not have the primary effect of advancing or inhibiting religion. d. government aid to religious schools has to be religious in nature.

D

Defamation of character is defined as a. committing obscene acts using another person's name. b. publishing false statements about a person in a newspaper, book, or magazine. c. hate speech. d. wrongfully hurting a person's good reputation.

D

In Engel v. Vitale (1962), the Supreme Court ruled that a. established guidelines for school prayers is ok. b. the Regents' Prayer used in New York public schools was constitutional. c. if school prayer did not refer to God, then it's constitutional. d. government is not constitutionally allowed to compose official prayers.

D

In Reno v. American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, the Supreme Court ruled that aliens have a. the right to object to deportation only if they have been in the United States for ten years or more. b. the right to object to deportation only if they have children born in the United States. c. no Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure. d. no First Amendment rights to object to deportation.

D

In the area of freedom of speech, which of the following is NOT true? a. High schools can impose restrictions on speech that are not allowed in colleges. b. High school officials may censor school publications. c. Some universities have prohibited "hate speech." d. The Supreme Court ruled that universities may not impose mandatory student activity fees.

D

Obscenity was legally defined by Chief Justice Burger in a. United States v. Williams. b. Osborne v. Ohio. c. Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union. d. Miller v. California.

D

Some claim that the United States did not achieve true freedom of ______ until 1969, when the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of a Ku Klux Klan leader in Brandenburg v. Ohio. a. symbolic speech b. commercial speech c. hate speech d. political speech

D

The Flag Protection Act of 1989 a. is the constitutional amendment that prohibits flag burning. b. was a Texas state law prohibiting the burning of the American flag. c. is an example of legislation made possible by the establishment clause. d. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

D

The Supreme Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment protected freedom of speech from state infringement in the _________ case. a. Schenk v. United States b. McCulloch v. Maryland c. Gibbons v. Ogden d. Gitlow v. New York

D