Chapter 4 Quiz

Sense receptors are biological transducers, which means that they

convert one form of energy to another

A frog's eyes are highly sensitive to small, dark, moving spots. Since the frog's eyes are attuned to this specific stimuli, the frog's eyes act as

feature detectors

Humans respond to different wavelengths of light by experiencing differing

hues

Chue, Boland, and Nisbett presented American and Chinese participants with pictures of a figure, such as a tiger, placed on a ground, such as a jungle, and monitored their eye-movement patterns. The Chinese tended to focus their eye movements

on the ground (the jungle)

Michael just turned 45 and is getting glasses for the first time because he has difficulty reading newspapers, telephone books, and the instructions on medicine bottles. His eye doctor diagnosed his vision as

presbyopia

People such as pilots, who have to move quickly from lighted surroundings to night darkness use red light illumination. This is because

the rods are insensitive to red light

The fact that roses have a distinctive and similar fragrance regardless of where they are found is explained by the fact that

they produce molecules of similar shape that match pockets on the olfactory receptors

Regarding depth cues and depth perception, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Depth cues require both eyes

Which of the following is an evolutionary explanation for the development of motion sickness?

Poisons disturb the vestibular and vision systems, resulting in nausea and vomiting to expel the poison

Which theory of color vision explains that coding one color in a pair, such as red, seems to block the other color, green, from coming through; thus, making it impossible to see a reddish green color?

opponent-process

Because Robin has more experience with people from her own race, she is better able to recognize people from her own race because she is more familiar with the features that help us recognize different persons. This illustrates the importance of

perceptual learning

Amplitude is to loudness as frequency is to

pitch

Upon seeing the Fraser's spiral, most people must carefully trace one of the circles to confirm what is "real" in the design, This is an example of

reality testing

At the national cheerleading contest, all the contestants are seated in one area within the stadium. Although 1000 students are seated in this area, your eyes discern about 100 groups due to each group of cheerleaders having different color outfits. The way you grouped these students is most likely due to the perceptual principle of

similarity

You observe two cars of identical make and model. Although one roars away and its image on your retina is now smaller, you still perceive the cars as identical. This illustrates _________ constancy.

size

You look through an old photographic slide-viewer toy, which creates the impression of seeing a three-dimensional scene by one photograph of the scene being displayed to one eye and a slightly different view of this scene being presented to the other eye. When these two images are fused into one overall image, which of the following occurs

stereoscopic vision

Regarding the retina, which of the following statements is FALSE?

-*The retina consists of many more cones than rods -The part of the eye where the optic nerve leaves the eye contains no rods or cones and is known as the blind spot -The retina is an area about the size and thickness of a postage stamp -Only about half of the light falling on the front of the eye ever reaches rods and cones in the retina

Regarding hearing loss, which of the following statements is FALSE?

-Conductive hearing loss can be overcome with a hearing aid, which makes sounds louder and clearer - By the time one is 65 years old, more than 40 percent of auditory hair cells will be gone -*Noise-induced hearing loss is a type of conductive loss -Daily exposure to 85 decibels or more may cause permanent hearing loss

Regarding eye witness testimony, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Eyewitnesses are better at identifying members of other races than they are at identifying people of their own race

Regarding the Muller-Lyer illusion, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The san bushmen, who live in a "round" culture, experience this illusion in exactly the same way as Americans, who live in a "square" culture.

Based on the number of pain points per square centimeter, which of the following body areas is most sensitive to pain?

behind the knee