Chapter 4 Quiz - Intro to Psychology

What is a hallucinogenic drug?

A drug that results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences (ex: LSD).

What are chronotypes

A person's disposition to be a "morning person" or an "evening person." Ex: Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early.

What is psychological dependence?

A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. A person with this dependence does not experience significant noticeable physical symptoms when they are not using the drug they are dependent on.

What does it mean if someone suffers from chronic sleep deprivation?

Someone has accumulated a large sleep debt.

Stage 1 sleep is characterized by a predominance of ________ wave activity in the brain.

alpha

________theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist.

dissociative

In Freud's model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

latent

In ________ meditation, a person's attention is focused on some internal process or a specific external object.

mindfulness

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.

narcolepsy

What happens in stage 2 of sleep?

sleep spindles and K-complexes

Shoresh suggests that Ted cluck like a chicken during the hypnosis not because he is experiencing an altered state of consciousness but because he is playing the role of a hypnotized person. This is a good example of the ________ theory of hypnosis.

social-cognitive

Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an example of ________.

tolerance

If someone is in a state of consciousness they

Are aware of their feelings, emotions, and thoughts. They are aware of their surroundings (ex: the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic).

Which psychodynamic theorist proposed the idea of a collective unconscious that is shared by all members of the human species?

Carl Jung

What is sleep deprivation?

Decrease in the amount, consistency, or quality of sleep. This can result in decreased mental alertness, cognitive function, and depression-like symptoms. This is also associated with obesity.

What is wakefulness?

High levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior

Which of the following statements about rotating shift work is false?

It carries a much higher risk of leading to substance abuse.

Is meditation an altered state of consciousness?

No, meditation is not an altered state of consciousness. However, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness.

What happens to individuals undergoing hypnosis?

People usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer?

Rosalind Cartwright

What is the manifest content of a dream?

The remembered storyline of a dream

What is the latent content of a dream?

The underlying meaning of a dream (ex: someone has a dream about losing teeth and looks in a dream dictionary that says losing teeth is dream symbolism for anxiety).

What does the activation-synthesis model say?

This model says that dreams do not have any meaning but rather are simply the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural firing that occurs while we sleep.

What does the dissociative theory state?

This theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist.

What are night terrors?

When someone falls asleep and feels a sense of panic, screams, and possibly attempts to escape their room

The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the ________ is the brain structure that controls one's own biological clock.

hypothalamus