Chapter 4

16) The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of

A) lipids.

23) Glyoxysomes play an important role in the germination of fat-storing seeds and are considered to be specialized ________.

A) peroxisomes

11) Membrane proteins may function in

A) receiving extracellular signals.

19) Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system?

A) ribosome

33) Kuru is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system believed to be caused by which type of agent?

C) prion

13) The cytosol is best described as the

C) semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended.

36) In which of the following properties are the Archaea more like eukaryotes than the bacteria?

C) translation initiation

26) A(n) ________ is composed of tetrameric protofilaments.

E) intermediate filament

14) Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion?

E) mad cow disease

22) Which organelle has only a single membrane around it?

E) peroxisome

18) Which sequence reflects the locations that a secretory protein will visit on its way from its production to its secretion outside the cell?

E) rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle

30) With regard to tight junctions

E) they block the movement of basolateral integral membrane proteins to the apical surface.

32) Which of the following fundamental properties of life do viruses not possess?

metabolism&irritability

12) Which of the following is least likely to be part of a cell membrane?

proteoglycans

28) Lignin is an important component in

B) plant cell walls.

7) When the size of a cell increases

the surface area/volume ratio, C) decreases.

8) If the surface area of a cell increases by a factor of 100

the volume of that cell will, C) increase by a factor of 1000.

5) Which of the following is true of plant cells?

A) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts.

9) Which of the following diseases is caused by a peroxisomal defect?

A) Zellweger syndrome

25) Intermediate filaments are

A) different in different cell types.

29) Communication between animal cells is facilitated by

B) gap junctions.

1) Which of the following is a eukaryotic characteristic?

B) membrane-bounded nucleus

27) The major structural elements of the cytoskeleton are

B) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

38) Mitochondrial DNA is/are

B) used to trace dispersal of modern humans.

39) The hallmark feature of peroxisomal diseases is the presence of

B) very long chain fatty acids.

31) Viroids are characterized by all of the following except

B) well-characterized transmission.

4) The size range of most plant and animal cells is ________.

C) 10—50 μm

24) Prokaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits whereas eukaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits

C) 70, 50, 30; 80, 60, 40

34) Which of the following is not true of a viroid?

C) Its capsid is quite small.

10) Which of the following would be attributed to a peroxisomal dysfunction?

C) accumulation of very long chain fatty acids

3) Which of the following is included as part of the Eubacteria?

C) cyanobacteria

17) Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur in the Golgi complex?

C) glycosylation of proteins

40) The chromoplast is an organelle associated with

C) plant pigment storage.

37) The term "junk DNA" is no longer used because these regions of DNA have been found to be associated with all of the following except

D) All of the above have been associated with "junk DNA."

20) A protein is destined to be secreted from a cell. In which organelle would you expect to find the protein just after it is produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

D) Golgi apparatus

6) Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells?

D) central vacuole

15) Which of the following is not generally associated with a chloroplast?

D) matrix

35) Which of the following is not believed to be a virus or to be caused by a virus?

D) scrapie

21) Which of the following is true of a lysosome?

The lysosome may mature from a late endosome.

2) The methanobacteria

halobacteria, and sulfobacteria are included in which domain?, D) archaea