Chapter 43: Anti-hypertensive Agents PrepU
A client with a blood pressure of 165/95 mmHg would be in classified as which stage of hypertension?
Stage 2
A 48-year-old client with a blood pressure of 198/112 mm Hg reports severe headache and drowsiness. The nurse notes that the client is disoriented and has begun to vomit. What is the primary nursing goal for this client experiencing a hypertensive emergency?
Implement interventions to lower blood pressure
The patient has been placed on a nitroprusside drip for the treatment of a hypertensive crisis. Which mechanism of action does the nurse know is true for nitroprusside?
It directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle, allowing dilation of peripheral arteries and veins.
A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension. The nurse understands that most clients with stage 2 hypertension will require how many antihypertensives to lower blood pressure to goal initially?
2
After teaching a group of students about the cardiovascular system and pressures, the students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which area as having the highest pressure?
Left Ventricle
A nurse is preparing to administer an antihypertensive drug that lowers the blood pressure primarily via suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Which drug might this be?
Lisinopril
A 42-year-old client is seen by the health care provider for follow-up for diabetic nephropathy. The provider prescribed losartan for the treatment of this condition because the medication has been shown to reduce the rate of end-stage renal disease. Which drug class does this drug belong to?
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
A client is experiencing orthostatic hypotension that is due to antihypertensive therapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?
Risk for Injury
During a routine check up of a 45-year-old patient with renal disease, the nurse observes an increase in the patient's blood pressure. Which is the most likely consequence of renal impairment?
Secondary Hypertension
How is hypertension defined with regard to blood pressure readings?
Systolic pressure above 140 mm Hg or diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg
How does captopril contribute to a reduction of a client's blood pressure?
blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Key behavioral determinants of blood pressure are related to what factor?
dietary consumption of calories and salt
A 35-year-old female client controls the symptoms of her cardiovascular disease with ACE inhibitors. She discovers that she is pregnant and contacts her primary care provider regarding her medication regimen. What would the nurse expect the provider to do?
discontinue the drug
The nurse should inform the client of the possibility of developing what common adverse effect of captopril therapy?
dry cough
A client has been prescribed ramipril 5 mg PO daily with the scheduled dose due at 08:00. The nurse first reviews the client's most recent blood work and should consider withholding the dose because of what laboratory finding?
elevated potassium levels
An older adult client who resides in a care facility has been prescribed antihypertensives for the first time following many years of generally good health. When administering the first dose of the prescribed antihypertensive medication to an older adult, the nurse should recognize the related risk to which possible side effect?
falls
What is the primary goal of IV norepinephrine treatment?
increased BP
A teenage client has not responded normally to rescue inhaler therapy. When subcutaneous epinephrine is prescribed, the nurse should anticipate what reaction to occur?
instant bronchodilation
A client is prescribed captopril. What adverse effect should the client be instructed on that can occur with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
persistent cough
A client, newly diagnosed with hypertension is started on captopril, an ACE inhibitor. The client should be informed of the possibility of what adverse effect?
persistent cough