Chapter 45: Hormones & the endocrine system
Based on their effects, which pair below could be considered antagonist?
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Which of the following is (are) true?
A) Hormones regulate cellular functions, and generally negative feedback regulates hormone levels.
If an amphibians Zygote is manipulated so that the first cleavage plane fails to divide the Gray Crescent, then
A) The daughter cell with the entire gray cresent will die.
Hormone X produces its effect and it's target cells via the cAMP second messenger system. Which of the following will produce the greatest effect in the cell?
A) The molecule of hormone X applied to the extracellular fluid surrounding the cell.
Which of the following does not represent a chemical signal?
A) movement of a signal from one end of a nerve to the other end of the nerve.
If the apical ectodermal ridge is surgically removed from an embryo, it will lose
A) positional information for limb-bud pattern formation.
What is the motive activation of aspirin and ibuprofen?
A) they inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins.
The secretion of hormone A causes a change in the amount of protein X in an organism. If this mechanism works by positive feedback, which of the following statements represents that fact?
A)An increase in A produces an increase in X.
Which of the following is a local regulator responsible for activating an enzyme that relaxes smooth muscle cells?
A)Nitric oxide
Prostaglandins are local regulators who's basic structure is derived from
B) fatty acids
Which hormone would be particularly active in times of food shortage?
B) glucagon
The arrangement of organs and tissues in their characteristic places in three-dimensional space defines
B) induction.
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
B) is composed of about 1000 cells, in which the developmental orgin of each cell has been mapped.
Which of the following is the best explanation for why these are the only cells that respond to this hormone?
B) only target cells contain receptors for aldosterone
Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect?
B) they are produced only by organs called and the endocrine organs.
Which of the following are not part of homeostasis promotion or maintenance?
C) a hormone is involved in a positive feedback loop.
Why is it that some body cells respond differently to the same peptide hormones?
C) a targets cells response is determined by the product of a single conduction pathway.
Two primary factors in shaping the polarity of body axes in chick embryos are
C) gravity and pH.
In humans, identical twins are possible because
C) of convergent extension.
Which of the following examples is incorrectly paired with its class?
C) prostaglandin peptide hormone
Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?
C) steroid hormones affect the synthesis of proteins, whereas peptide hormones affect activity of protein already present in the cell.
Hans spemann and colleagues developed the concept of primary organizer in amphibian embryos while studying the
D) Posterior edge of the dorsal ectoderm.
A cell that contains proteins enabling a hormone to selectively bind to its plasma membrane is called a(n)
D) target cell
Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect?
D) they travel through a dedicated pathway.
Substance X is secreted by one cell, travels a short distance through interstitial fluid, and produces an effect in a cell immediately adjacent to the original secreting cell. All of the following terms could describe this substance except
D)Pheromone
Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect?
D)they are used to communicate between different organisms
4) what do nitric oxide and epinephrine have in common?
E) Only A and B a correct
In frogs, formation of the eye lens is induced by chemical signals from
E) both A and C
Which of the following statements about hormones that promote homeostasis is incorrect?
E) this response feeds back to promote the release of more hormone.
