chapter 47 prepU
A child's mother asks the nurse how likely it is the child will develop asthma because the child's father has asthma. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
"Immune responses can be genetic and run in the family."
Myasthenia gravis
-Progressive weakness and fatigue. -There is not cure.
The nurse is monitoring the CD4 count of an infant who has contracted HIV from the mother in utero. The nurse is concerned that treatment with antiretroviral therapy is not effective when noting which CD4 level?
1300/mm3 (anything below 1500/mm3)
what type of response is anaphylaxis?
Acute IgE-mediated response to an allergen that involves many organ systems and may be life-threatening
A child with primary immune deficiency is about to receive an infusion of IVIG. What is the most appropriate premedication to minimize the reaction?
Diphenhydramine or acetaminophen
The nurse is assessing a child who is experiencing renal complications as a result of lupus. Which finding is of the greatest concern?
Elevated blood pressure
The nurse is monitoring the labs of a child admitted for an exacerbation of juvenile pauciarticular arthritis. Which lab result does the nurse expect to be elevated?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
What is often the first sign of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
Fussiness
Which immunoglobulin is associated with allergic reactions?
IgE
First immunoglobin to appear in the serum with the primary and secondary humoral responses.
IgM
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Indicator of inflammation
Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
Involvement of five or more joints, frequently the small joints, and affects the body symmetrically.
The nurse is caring for a child with HIV. The doctor will most likely order which test to monitor the child's progress?
Lymphocyte immunophenotyping T-cell quantification.
Viramune (nevirapine)
Nonnucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs) that binds to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, blocking DNA polymerase activity and disrupting the virus life cycle. -It's used for treatment of HIV-1 infection as part of a three-drug regimen.
preferred test to determine HIV infection in infants over 1 month of age
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test
Complication of lupus
Renal
atopic dermatitis (infantile eczema)
a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease. -Nursing diagnoses should focus on impaired skin integrity, anxiety related to the allergic response, and powerlessness related to knowing cause of allergy.
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
an autoimmune disorder that I will always have, with times of flare- ups and times of minimal to no symptoms.
When does an untreated child test positive when he or she contracts HIV through placental transmission?
by 6 months, clinical signs develop by 1 to 3 years.
Pauciarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
involvement of four or fewer joints
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
presents with fever and rash in addition to join involvement at the time of diagnosis
Autoimmune
the inability to distinguish self from non-self, causing the immune system to carry out immune responses against normal cells
Replacing stuffed furniture with wooden furniture; removing any fur or woolen items from the child's wardrobe; encasing the mattress and pillow in sturdy plastic; having the child sit away from the blackboard in school; and vacuuming the home frequently are measures for what?
to control environmental allergens
A child that feeds poorly, is irritable, and have a weeping, crusty rash on the checks and neck, may have what
topic dermatitis (infantile eczema)
