Chapter 49 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

A client diagnosed with Paget disease asks the health care provider how the disease developed. The best response would be: -"It is thought to have a probable association with a viral infection: paramyxovirus." -"It results from a chromosomal disorder." -"It is a result of a sedentary lifestyle." -"It can result from a deficiency in calcium."

"It is thought to have a probable association with a viral infection: paramyxovirus."

A nurse is evaluating the progress of a client with chronic fatigue syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates successful symptom management? -"I often find it is too much work to fix a meal." -"My family wants me to volunteer at the animal shelter." -"My schedule includes yoga and a weekly club meeting." -"I work until I run out of energy, and then I rest."

"My schedule includes yoga and a weekly club meeting."

Regarding embryonic development, in what week do the paddle-shaped limb buds of the lower extremities begin to appear? -1st week -26th week -4th week -10th week

4th week

A child is suspected of having flexible "flat feet" based on a physical assessment. When explaining this condition to the parents, what would be the best explanation of the etiology? -"This condition can be related to other issues such as cerebral palsy." -"Your child has no arch as a result of congenitally tight heel cords." -"Your child's condition is a result of loose ligaments in the feet." -"Your child developed this condition based on intrauterine positioning as a fetus."

"Your child's condition is a result of loose ligaments in the feet."

The nurse is reviewing the health histories of four clients. Select the client most at risk for developing secondary osteoporosis. -A 60-year-old female taking prednisone for asthma -An 80-year-old male who resides in an assisted living facility -A 22-year-old female taking oral contraceptives -A 42-year-old male with a healing leg fracture

A 60-year-old female taking prednisone for asthma

The nurse concludes that the participants of a community education class on prevention of osteoporosis are understanding the information when they identify which cause as a potential risk factor? Select all that apply. -Alcoholism -High-protein diet -Excessive caffeine intake -Large bone structure -Smoking

Alcoholism, High-protein diet, Excessive caffeine intake, Smoking

A client with confirmed low bone density asks the nurse if there is anything she can to decrease the risk of trauma. The best response would be: -Running 1 mile per day with good athletic shoes -Lawn bowling for 1 hour per week -High-impact aerobic exercise for 1 hour three times per week -Brisk walking three times per week on a flat surface

Brisk walking three times per week on a flat surface

The nurse is caring for several clients who have chronic fatigue. Which intervention is the appropriate match for the cause of the clients' fatigue? -Clients with depression who are given a sedative -Clients with end-stage renal disease receiving erythropoietin -Clients with insomnia who are served hot chocolate at bedtime -Clients with loss of muscle mass who are given analgesics

Clients with end-stage renal disease receiving erythropoietin

When performing a musculoskeletal assessment on a young boy, the nurse notices that the boy has decreased space between the knees so that the medial malleoli cannot be brought together. The nurse documents this as: -Genu valgum -Internal femoral torsion -Genu varum -Bowleg

Genu valgum

When assessing a client diagnosed with Paget disease focused in the skull, the nurse should anticipate which findings? Select all that apply. -Hearing loss -Intermitent tinnitus -Visual disturbances -Headaches -Vertigo

Hearing loss, Intermitent tinnitus, Headaches, Vertigo

The nurse is performing an admission assessment to a rehabilitation unit. Which assessment tools should she utilize to determine an alert client's normal activities, perceived level of activity tolerance, or level of fatigue? -Ergometry -Human Activity Profile -Fatigue Severity Scale -Mini-Mental Examination

Human Activity Profile

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with osteomalacia about treatments to improve the condition. The best information for the nurse to provide would be: -Decreased exposure to the natural UV radiation of the sun -Gaining weight of 5 to 10 pounds -Increasing dietary consumption of vitamin D -A bone marrow transplant

Increasing dietary consumption of vitamin D

Which statement is true concerning acute fatigue? -It serves a protective function for the body. -It is not relieved by cessation of activity. -It has an insidious onset. -It lasts longer than 1 month.

It serves a protective function for the body.

Which chronic disorders have been associated with chronic fatigue? Select all that apply. -Multiple sclerosis -Asthma -Cardiac disease -Arthritis -Anemia

Multiple sclerosis, Cardiac disease, Arthritis, Anemia

While getting up out of bed for the first time after surgery, a client reports feeling dizzy and faint. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing? -Orthostatic intolerance -Increase in blood volume -Virchow triad -Anemia

Orthostatic intolerance

The nurse is caring for a child who presented to the emergency department with multiple fractures in various stages of healing all over the body. The nurse collaborates with the physician on care for a client with which potential condition? -Rheumatoid arthritis -Osteogenesis imperfecta -Recessive trait disorder -Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Osteogenesis imperfecta

The nurse suspects idiopathic scoliosis in a client based on which assessment finding? -Uneven shoulders or iliac crest -Late onset of first menarche -Reports of back pain in the teen years -Loss of bone density confirmed with x-ray

Uneven shoulders or iliac crest

Which intervention should the nurse recommend to best minimize the risk of nutritional rickets in an infant whose culture supports long-term breast-feeding without the introduction of foods? Select all that apply. -Focused passive long bone exercise -Vitamin D supplements -Supplemental use of soy formula -Regular exposure to sunlight

Vitamin D supplements, Regular exposure to sunlight

The diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is made using both a holistic approach as well as: -elimination of possible physical causes. -aggressive diagnostic testing. -focused physical and occupational therapies. -mental health screenings for depression and anxiety.

elimination of possible physical causes.

The nurse is providing teaching for parents of a 2-week-old infant just diagnosed with clubfoot. The nurse includes that the first treatment option is: -surgical relaxation of foot ligaments and tendons. -full-time wearing of Denis Brown splint. -serial manipulations and casting. -percutaneous tendoachilles lengthening.

serial manipulations and casting.