Chapter 5 - 1

Storage

Adipose connective tissue is the major energy reserve in the body. Bone is the primary reservoir for calcium and phosphorus.

Adipose connective tissue (Loose CT)

Commonly known as fat is a highly vascularized loose connective tissue composed of primarily adipocytes. The nucleus is pushed to the edge of the cell by large fat droplets. These cells contain many blood vessels.

Osteons

Compact bone is formed from cylindrical structures called _______, which display concentric rings of bone connective tissue called lamellae.

Cells, protein fibers and ground substance

... are all components that can be found in connective tissue.

Fibrocartilage

... contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord. Is the least flexible

Connective tissue proper

.... forms supportive capsules around organs such as the kidney and spleen.

Hyaline cartilage

.... is a translucent bluish-white type of cartilage present in the joins, the respiratory tract and the immature skeleton. 2nd most flexible

Dense irregular connective tissue (make sup dermis)

.....is found in the dermis. made from randomly arranged collagen fibers with fibroblast between the layers. It has an extensive blood supply.

Transport

Blood carries nutrients, gases, and waste between different regions of the body.

Physical protection

Bones of the skull and thoracic cage provide.... for delicate organs, such as the brain, heart and lungs.

Support and structural framework

Bones serve as the framework for the adult body and provide a place muscle attachment.

Connective tissue proper

Consists of loose connective tissue resident cells. It is broken down into two broad groups, loose and dense connective tissue.

Elastic cartilage

Is a yellow cartilage present in the outer ear, Eustachian tube (canal in middle ear) and epiglottis. It contains ____ fiber networks and collagen type 2 fibers. The principle protein is... it is also the most flexible

bone to bone,

Ligaments bind.... tendons bine bone to muscle and dense irregular connective tissue anchors the skin the underlying muscle and bone.

Immune protection

Many connective tissues contain leukocytes that protect against disease and mount an immune response when necessary.

Chondrocytes

Mature cartilage cells are called _________. These cells occupy small spaces called lacunae within the extracellular matrix.

Lacunae

Mature cartilage cells are called chondrocytes. These cells occupy small spaces called ________ within the extracellular matrix.

Bone

Protein and calcified salts =

Cartilage

Protein and cartilage =

Blood

Protein and plasma =

Connective tissue proper

Protein and protein =

Ground substance

The ____ _____ is a noncellular material produced by the connective tissue cells, and within this ground substance that the connective tissue cells and protein fibers reside.

Osteocytes

The bone cells are called _________ and are houses within the spaces of the extracellular matrix called Lacunae.

Lacunae

The bone cells are called osteocytes and are houses within the spaces of the extracellular matrix called ________.

adipose nucleus

The.... is pushed to the inside edge of the plasma membrane.

Hemocytoblasts

_________ are blood producing stem cells. They produce erythrocytes (RED), leukocytes (white), and palates.

Chondroblasts

__________ are cartilage producing stem cells. (Chondrocytes)

Fibroblasts

__________ are protein producing stem cells (ground substance)(Proteins)

Adipocyte

also called fat cells, appear in small clusters within some types of connective tissue proper. If large clusters of these cells dominate an area, the connective tissue is called adipose connective tissue.

DICT

anchors the skin to the underlying muscle and bone.

Areolar Fibroblast (a resident cell)

are relatively flat cells with tapered ends and are the most abundant resident cells in connective tissue proper. They produce the fibers and ground substance components of the extracellular matrix.

Areolar collagen fibers (proteins)

are unbranched, cablelike long fibers that are strong, flexible and resistant to stretching. They are stronger than steel of the same diameter. Collagen fibers are numerous in structures such as tendons and ligaments.

Areolar elastic fibers (proteins)

contain the protein elastin. The fibers branch and re-join, and appear wavy. Elastic fibers stretch and recoil easily. Elastic fibers are abundant in the skin, arteries and lungs to allow them to return to their normal shape after being stretched,

Dense regular connective tissue (tendons/ligaments)

forms tendons (muscle to bone) and most ligaments (bone to bone), it is composed of densely-packed, parallel collagen fibers with fibroblast between the layers. There is very little ground substance and a greatly reduced blood supply.

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Cartilage

has a firm, semisolid extracellular matrix that contains variable amounts of collagen and elastic protein fibers.

Reticular connective tissue

houses abundant leukocytes and some fibroblasts within a meshwork of reticular fibers. This tissue forms the spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow. Is composed of branch like fibers.

Connective tissue

is a group of similar cells separated by a space (matrix) which is filled with a ground substance that defines it.

Areolar connective tissue (loose CT)

is abundant, viscous ground substance. (scattered cells). It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues.

Connective tissue

is the most abundant and widely distributed of the tissues.