Chapter 5

Describe early greek civilization.

Early greek civilization arose on and off the greek mainland. Two ancient peoples, the Minoans and the Mycenaeans, made an important impact on greek history.

Describe the geographic setting of ancient greece.

Greece has peninsulas, its small and rocky, mountains are major landforms, it's good for growing crops, and it has islands. Other villages were separated by mountains. The Greeks fought each other, but they shared the same heritage, language, and gods.

How did Pericles strengthen democracy?

He helped strengthen democracy because when he paid them so now the lower and middle class people can run for government.

How did the Socrates challenge the values of the people of Athens?

He made people questioned people about their beliefs, knowledge, and he questioned the gods.

What effect do you think the geography of Greece had on the kind of communities that developed there?

It was harder to communicate with other communities. The towns cities and villages were like city-states because of the natural barriers. Most communities took place or involved the sea.

Contrast how Minoans and mycenaeans spread their power?

Minoans gained their power through trade, while Mycenaeans gained it through conquest.

What happened during Greece's Dark Ages?

People became more isolated and poor and concentrated on survival. Writing was lost and traditions and history were passed down only by word of mouth. They gave up writing because trade was bad and the economy was bad. Many people relocated to be able to farm and eventually began to create villages from farms.

Why did some Athenians benefit more from democracy than others?

Some of the Athenians benefited more than others because the democracy did not apply to enslaved people, women, and foreigners.

Compare How did the experience of attending a Greek theater differ from that attending a play today?

The experience from attending a play in ancient greek is very different from today. Back then they didn't have roofs on their theaters. There was only a few actors wearing masks. But today there is many actors that wear lots of makeup.

What kind of ruler often replaced aristocratic governments?

The kinds of rulers that often replaced aristocratic governments are the tyrants.

How did the rise of the middle class help shape government in ancient Greece?

The middle class rose to help shape the government in ancient greece because they created democracy. They wanted a say in the government.

2b: How were the minoan and mycenaean civilizations similar?

The minoan and the mycenaean civilizations both traded with other societies, dominated the aegean sea, used writing, influenced Greek culture, and used the sea for their travel.

How was the outside of the temple decorated?

The outside of the temple were decorated with statues of female warriors called Amazons, on the front of the temple it had a carving of Medusa's head, a monster with snakes for hair, inside there was a statue of Artemis, pillars, the colors, and the mythical creature on the sides (griffins).

3a: What two kinds of government first developed in the greek city-states after the greek dark ages?

The two kinds of government first developed in the Greek city-states after the dark ages were City-states, tyrants, aristocratic, democracy.

What was the role of the chorus in Greek drama?

They chanted or sang poems between scenes, commented on events in the play, praised gods, or gave background information.

How did the Greeks attempt to understand the world?

They explained the world through myths. The philosophers then came and tried to prove things through sciences.

What do we mean when we say the ancient Greeks were all islanders?

We mean that Greeks used to live on actual islands. While others used to live on land islands surrounded by mountains or peninsulas.

How did the growth of wealth through trade contribute to the spread of new ideas in Greece?

brought citizens of city-states in contact with ideas from other places.

What role did education and growing wealth play in the development of philosophy and the arts in ancient Greece?

gave ancient Greeks freedom to explore new ideas.

Why might Pericles called Athens "the school of all Greece?"

it was the center of intellectual activity.

What was the Golden Age of Athens?

lasted from 479- 431 b.c of athens was when athen grew rich from trade and silver, mined by slaves in regions around the city. Democracy was also strengthened and Athens made contributes to the arts, science, and philosophy.

What did Socrates mean when he said, "Know thyself?"

people should understand themselves and what they think and believe before they try to influence others.

What characteristics did people in city-states throughout Greece share?

the same language, shared customs, worshiped gods, they had olympics, they had a democracy, and they shared customs.