Chapter 5: Data and Knowledge Management

True or False: Sarbanes-Oxley requires that private companies evaluate and disclose the effectiveness of their internal financial controls.

False

True or False: TrueCar is using Hadoop to make money from "exhaust data." This means they are tracking emissions for environmentally conscious consumers.

False

Intellectual capital is another term for ________.

knowledge

Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with Big Data?

Big Data can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured.

True or False: Data marts and data warehouses use OLTP

False

True or False: Hadoop works well in all industries including financial institutions.

False

True or False:Unstructured data can reside in a traditional relational database.

False

From the mid-1950s until the early 1970s, organizations managed their data in a _________; this created ________.

file management environment; information silos

Functional dependencies are similar to ________ keys

foreign

A data ________ stores vast amounts of data in their original format until they are required, rather than forcing the integration of large volumes of data before analysis.

lake

Two vertical lines represent the ________ cardinality symbol

mandatory single

A data ________ is a low-cost, scaled-down version of a data ________ that is designed for the end-user needs in an SBU or an individual department.

mart; warehouse

Data marts can be implemented ________ quickly than data warehouses and support ________ control.

more; local

Data marts and data warehouses are ________; this means they ________ be updated by users.

non-volatile; cannot

A circle with a "chicken leg" to the entity represents the ________ cardinality symbol.

optional many

The ________ key is an identifier field that uniquely identifies a record.

primary

Database systems minimize ________.

redundancy

Data ________ refers primarily to problems with the media on which the data are stored.

rot

You recently inherited an Alvin and The Chipmunks "A Chipmunk Christmas" record. Since you don't have a record player, you need to find a way to convert the record into a CD. This is an example of data ________.

rot

Industry experts estimate that 80-90 percent of data in an organization is ________.

unstructured

Knowledge management is a process that helps organizations manipulate important knowledge that comprises part of the organization's memory, usually in a(n) ________ format.

unstructured

A data ________ is a repository of historical data that are organized by subject to support decision makers in the organization.

warehouse

More than ________ percent of US medical records remain in hard-copy format.

25

________ deals with more objective, rational, and technical knowledge.

Explicit knowledge

________ is an intellectual asset.

Knowledge

________ are a set of core data that span the enterprise information systems.

Master data

Microsoft Access uses ________ to conduct queries.

QBE

Africa collaborated with ________ to stop the Ebola virus outbreak in 2013 and 2014.

IBM

Microsoft ________ is a popular example of a relational database.

Microsoft ________ is a popular example of a relational database.

Colorado uses ________ to track marijuana.

RFID

________ is the cumulative store of subjective or experiential learning

Tacit knowledge

________ is the most popular query language used for interacting with a database.

SQL

A ________ is a group of eight ________.

byte; bits

The category "student" is a(n) ________.

entity

A circle with a vertical line represents the ________ cardinality symbol.

optional single

________ refers to the maximum number of times an instance of one entity can be associated with an instance in the related entity.

Cardinality

Considering the following tables, ________ is a foreign key

Class Table: PID

________ are those data that visitors and customers produce when they visit a website and click on hyperlinks

Clickstream data

Under __________'s rules, marijuana growers must put a ________ on each plant so it can be recorded and monitored by the state's enforcement system.

Colorado; microchip

________ is an example of a source system for a data warehouse

ERP

________ is a process that spans all organizational business processes and applications.

Master data management

Data marts and data warehouses typically use ________.

OLAP

Considering the following tables, ________ is a primary key

Student Table: ID

Which of the following is NOT a reason managing data is difficult.

The amount of data is decreasing exponentially with time.

Each characteristic or quality of a particular entity is called a(n) ________.

attribute

A ________ represents the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

bit

Performance Bicycle uses employee knowledge to help customers find products and relevant multimedia content about them. This is an example of ________ knowledge in the KMS cycle.

disseminating

Suppose you work for XYZ Corporation. You know you can contribute 6% of your salary to a 401K and the company will match that 100% after 6 years of service because it is in the employee handbook. This is an example of ________.

explicit knowledge

Database systems maximize ________.

independence

All the information about you in your university's database is a(n) ________.

instance

Jana maintains it ________ a zero-rating system because ________.

is not; users can use their free data any way they like

The ________ key has some identifying information but does not identify the record with complete accuracy

secondary

A ________ relationship exists when two entities are associated.

binary

Industry experts estimate that ________ percent of data in an organization is unstructured.

80-90

Which of the following is TRUE?

Big Data systems perform well because they contain huge amounts of data on which to base their predictions

________ are/is an example of open data from the Ebola fight in Africa.

Census data

________ is an approach to managing information across an entire organization.

Data governance

True or False: A byte is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

False

True or False: A relational database is basically one big table; it is also called a flat file.

False

True or False: Big Data is so large and complex that it must be managed using a traditional DBMS.

False

True or False: California was the first state to legalize the recreational use of marijuana and has an extensive IT solution for managing the production and distribution of the plant.

False

True or False: Data warehouses and data marts are updated by users.

False

True or False: Data warehouses are information silos

False

True or False: RFID tracking has no useful purpose for marijuana growers; it is just a way for regulators to create red tape and fees.

False

True or False: Sarbanes-Oxley holds CIOs personally responsible for financial disclosures since they manage the systems that hold financial information.

False

True or False: Sarbanes-Oxley requires that public companies evaluate and disclose the effectiveness of their internal operational controls.

False

True or False: The Big Data and open data integration used to fight Ebola in Africa was 100% accurate and helped prevent the death of thousands of people.

False

True or False: The process of acquiring, keeping, and managing data is becoming easier.

False

True or False: The rapid increase in the number of new smartphones in developing countries has been accompanied by a corresponding increase in mobile marketing.

False

True or False: The term "Big Data" refers simply to huge amounts of data.

False

True or False: TrueCar developed a 2-petabyte Hadoop data steam to store data on customers.

False

________ makes it difficult for oncology data to be shared across oncology practices.

HIPAA

TrueCar adopted ________ because it had to handle ________.

Hadoop; structured and unstructured data

Performance Bicycle used a(n) ________ system to increase its sales.

KMS

True or False: A data mart is a low-cost, scaled down version of a data warehouse.

True

True or False: A foreign key is a primary key in another file.

True

True or False: A secondary key can be a foreign key.

True

True or False: Big Data is a collection of data so large and complex that it is difficult to manage using traditional database management systems.

True

True or False: Data marts and data warehouses are typically organized by business dimension or subject

True

True or False: Data marts and data warehouses maintain historical data.

True

True or False: Facebook and Google want to bring internet access to the developing world so they can sell those people to advertisers.

True

True or False: Marijuana growers' biggest frustration is entering data into two different accounting systems

True

True or False: Organizations can use Big Data to conduct experiments.

True

True or False: Organizations can use Big Data to create new business models.

True

True or False: Organizations can use Big Data to microsegment customers.

True

True or False: RFID tags are expensive according to marijuana growers.

True

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Big Data?

Viscous

Your name in your university's database is a(n) ________.

attribute

Which of the following is an accurate representation of the data hierarchy from smallest to largest?

bit, byte, field, record, file, database

The rapid increase in the number of new smartphones in developing countries ________ been accompanied by a corresponding increase in mobile marketing because ________.

has not; wireless data are still too expensive

Database systems minimize ________.

inconsistency

Databases maximize _________; this means ________.

independence; applications and data are not linked to each other, so all applications are able to access the same data

A(n) ________ of an entity refers to each row in a relational table, which is a specific, unique representation of the entity.

instance

Databases minimize _________; this means ________.

isolation; applications cannot access data associated with other applications

A vertical line with a "chicken leg" to the entity represents the ________ cardinality symbol.

mandatory many

Which of the following is the correct order of the KMS cycle?

create, capture, refine, store, manage, disseminate

The ________ provide(s) information on each attribute and why the attribute is needed in the database, who uses it, and how it should be updated.

data dictionary

The ________ creates links between two tables.

foreign

Databases ________ redundancy; this means ________.

minimize; the same data are stored in multiple locations

Databases ________ inconsistency; this means ________.

minimize; various copies of the data do not agree

Normalization is a method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form to ensure ________ redundancy, ________ data integrity, and optimal processing performance.

minimum; maximum

Data marts can be implemented ________ compared to data warehouses

more quickly

A ________ generally describes an entity.

record

Jana is a mobile startup designed to ________.

reward users with data in exchange for collecting their personal information when sampling apps

Each relational database table contains records (listed in _______) and attributes (listed in ______) .

rows; columns

Suppose you are a salesperson. You take great pride in knowing each customers' favorite places to eat and their favorite meals. This is an example of ________.

tacit knowledge

A ________ relationship exists when three entities are associated.

ternary

The relational database model is based on the concept of ________-dimensional tables

two

A ________ relationship exists when an association is maintained within a single entity.

unary

Most oncology data is ________ and ________.

unstructured; uncodified