Chapter 5 Decline of Fuedalism

Why were the English able to defeat the French in early battles, such as the one at Crécy

the English army was composed of lightly armored knights, foot soldiers, and archers armed with longbows. The longbow had many advantages over the crossbow. Larger arrows could be fired more quickly. The arrows flew farther, faster, and more accurately, and could pierce the armor of the time.

Magna Carta

was a landmark document that limited the power of monarchs.

What were some of the common symptoms of the plague?

Fever, vomiting, fierce coughing and sneezing fits, and egg-sized swellings or bumps, called buboes.

How did the Hundred Years' War start?

When Philip VI of France declared that the French fiefs of Edward III, King of England, were part of Philip's own realm, war broke out in France.

The Model Parliament

is an example of an early Democratic Institution

What were some impacts of the bubonic plague?

*The plague slowed trade due to struggling economies *the death of many commoners reduced the power of the nobles *remaining citizens flocked to the cities for better opportunity *the population of Europe was reduced by 1/3.

Chronological order of the Hundreds Year War

1.

List examples of how the outbreak of the bubonic plague in Europe contributed to the decline of feudalism and the rise of democratic thought.

1. Asian and European populations declined extremely. The deaths of so many people accelerated, or sped up, changes in Europe's economic and social structure, which contributed to the decline of feudalism. 2. Trade and commerce slowed almost to a halt during the plague years. The economy could not longer be rebuilt the same way since feudal lords no longer held most of the power. 3. there was a shift in power from nobles to the common people. Workers were desperately needed, allowing them to leave feudal manners seeking better opportunities in the cities, which weakened the manor system and decreased the power of the feudal lords 4. There were peasant revolts ensuring a time to come when serfdom would end.

What changes did Henry II make to the English legal system and how did these changes affect feudalism?

He strengthened the power of the royal courts: *a jury had to accuse a person of a serious crime and proceed with a court trial by the royal court. *Catholic clergy would be tried by the royal court not the church court. These reforms strengthened the royal courts at the expense of the feudal lords.

Who was Joan of Arc? What did she do for the French during the Hundred Years' War?

Joan claimed that she heard the voices of saints urging her to save France. Disguised as a boy, she put on a suit of armor and set out to fight. In 1429, Joan led a French army to victory in the Battle of Orléans

What changes did Magna Carta promise to bring about in English government?

Less power to the Monarch and established the idea of rights and liberties that even a monarch cannot violate. The Monarch must observe common law, and traditional rights of nobles/church, "no free man" could be jailed except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land

List examples of how the outbreak of war in Europe contributed to the decline of feudalism and the rise of democratic thought.

The Hundred Years' War contributed to the decline of feudalism by helping to shift power from feudal lords to monarchs and to common people. Monarchs collected taxes and formed professional armies no longer relying on nobles for knights. Military technology such as longbows and gunpowder decreased the need for knights. The feelings of nationalism shifted power away from the lords.

How did people become infected with the plague?

The bacteria that cause the disease are carried by fleas that feed on the blood of infected rodents that were often found in filthy homes and on the streets

Habeas Corpus

The idea that an accused person cannot be jailed without being charged

Write the names of places to describe how the bubonic plague spread in the 14th century.

The plague originated in central asia, it traveled throughout trade routes through China, India, the Middle East, It was carried on a ship to Italy, then spread north and west to Europe and England.

Why was the plague called the "Black Death"?

The term "Black Death" probably came from these black-and-blue swellings that appeared on the skin of victims

What was the Model Parliament, and why was it created?

a governing body created by King Edward I that included some commoners, Church officials, and nobles. to include more people in government.

Constitutions of Clarendon

clergy could be tried in royal courts