Chapter 5 Practice Questions APES

Which interaction could potentially lead to coevolution? a. A species of mouse becoming faster to escape a predator snake b. A species of hawk hunting fish c. A species of tapeworm living inside a species of monkey d. A species of butterfly specializing in one species of flower e. A species of bird using a crocodile to perch on

A species of mouse becoming faster to escape a predator snake

A close look at almost any terrestrial community or ecosystem reveals that it consists of an ever-changing mosaic of patches of vegetation in different stages of ________ . a. facilitation b. tolerance c. evolution d. succession e. inhibition

succession

In some areas, ________ can rise or decline seasonally and from year to year because of variations in weather, such as a drought that causes decreases in available vegetation. a. population density b. carrying capacity c. total capacity d. population growth e. population capacity

carrying capacity

Check My Work Which four variables govern changes in population size? a. births, health, immigration and emigration b. births, deaths, immigration and emigration c. births, age structure, immigration and emigration d. age structure, deaths, immigration and emigration

births, deaths, immigration and emigration

Secondary ecological succession occurs in ________ areas. a. highly developed b. pristine c. secondary d. disturbed e. weedy

disturbed

When two species compete with one another for the same resources, their ecological ________ overlap. a. systems b. niches c. behaviors d. partitions e. footprints

niches

What is most often the limiting factor for populations on land? a. sunlight b. nutrient availability c. temperature d. salinity e. precipitation

precipitation

What is the correct order of plant communities in primary ecological succession at Isle Royal, Michigan? a. lichens and mosses; small herbs and shrubs; bare rock; heath mat; jack pine, black spruce, and aspen; balsam fir, paper birth, and white spruce b. bare rock; lichens and mosses; heath mat; small herbs and shrubs; jack pine, black spruce, and aspen; balsam fir, paper birch, and white spruce c. bare rock; lichens and mosses; small herbs and shrubs; heath mat; balsam fir, paper birch, and white spruce; jack pine, black spruce, and aspen d. bare rock; lichens and mosses; small herbs and shrubs; heath mat; jack pine, black spruce, and aspen; balsam fir, paper birch, and white spruce

. bare rock; lichens and mosses; small herbs and shrubs; heath mat; jack pine, black spruce, and aspen; balsam fir, paper birch, and white spruce

What is the difference between commensalism and mutualism? a. Commensalism benefits both species, and mutualism benefits one species but has little effect on the other. b. Commensalism benefits both species, and mutualism benefits one species and has harmful effects on the other. c. Commensalism benefits one species and has little effect on the other, and mutualism benefits one species and has harmful effects on the other. d. Commensalism benefits one species and has harmful effects on the other, and mutualism benefits both species. e. Commensalism benefits one species but has little effect on the other, and mutualism benefits both species

Commensalism benefits one species but has little effect on the other, and mutualism benefits both species

The use of venom when attacking prey is an example of ________ . a. camouflage b. parasitism c. chemical warfare d. mimicry e. warning coloration

chemical warfare

_______ growth starts slowly but then accelerates as the population increases, because as its base size increases, so does the number added to the population each year. a. Indefinite b. Linear c. Exponential d. Environmental e. Logistic

exponential

Which species display predator-prey interactions? a. grizzly bears and pine nuts b. pitcher plants and tree species c. oxpeckers and impala d. grizzly bears and cutworm moths e. intestinal bacteria and humans

grizzly bears and cutworm moths

Too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor can limit or prevent the growth of a population, even if all other factors are at or near the optimal range of tolerance. This principle is called the ________ . a. limiting factor principle b. range of tolerance principle c. physical limiting principle d. optimum range principle e. age structuring principle

limiting factor principle

What are the inertia and resilience properties of a typical grassland ecosystem? a. no inertia and no resilience b. low inertia and low resilience c. high inertia and high resilience d. high inertia and low resilience e. low inertia and high resilience

low inertia and high resilience

The evolution of specialized beaks to take advantage of certain types of food is an example of ________ . a. natural selection b. coevolution c. divergent evolution d. resource partitioning e. interspecific competition

natural selection