Chapter 5 - Psychology Exam

temporal

Some neurons can only generate action potentials up to a certain speed, and no faster. This fact is a limitation of the ________ theory of pitch perception.

temporal

The auditory cortex, in which sound stimuli are processed for perception, is located in the ________ lobe.

cones

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

congenital

Ravon is deaf. He was born without the ability to hear, and has never experienced an auditory stimulus. When people write using "sound" type words like "loud," "soft," and "quiet," he sometimes has difficulty understanding what they are trying to convey. Ravon has ________ deafness.

Müller-Lyer

Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the ________ illusion.

night

Tyrahn's rods do not transform light into nerve impulses as easily and efficiently as they should, so he has trouble seeing in dim light. This is called ________ blindness

vestibular

Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The ________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over.

proximity

If you watch a flock of birds flying overhead, each very close to the next one, you may perceive them as all being part of the same group. If they were all spaced very much apart, however, you may see them as individual birds not flying together. This distinction takes advantage of which Gestalt principle?

increase the amplitude

As you are talking to a friend on your cell phone, you might find that you can't hear them because they are speaking very softly. If you ask them to "speak up," from a physical perspective you are asking them to ________ of the sound waves they are producing.

good continuation

One principle of civil engineering is that when you design a highway you should have traffic flow in the same direction and avoid interruptions to that flow as much as possible. Exit ramps tend to be curved so that cars don't have to stop rather than having 90-degree angles that force stops and starts. This is an application of which Gestalt principle?

inattentional blindness

Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it. This research protocol demonstrates which concept?

congenital analgesia

Ronaldo was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called?

crest; trough

The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________.

Receptors on different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies.

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness.

What has research shown about processing subliminal messages?

afterimage

What term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus?

a building

When considering the wavelength of a radio wave - like the kind you hear when listening to music as you drive along - you would be correct to think that the size is this wave is about as long as

a figure-ground relationship

When you watch the teacher at the front of the room, you are easily able to distinguish her from the white board (or chalk board) behind her. This demonstrates the Gestalt principle of ________.

the basilar membrane

Which of these is not one of the structures that comprises the outer ear?

Gestalt

Which school of thinking in psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe.

Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses?

longer wavelengths

Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with ________ waves of light.

transduction

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________.

higher; louder

________ amplitudes are associated with ________ sounds.

Binocular

________ disparity refers to the slightly different view of the world that each eye receives, and is a distance cue that allows us to perceive the depth of a given visual stimulus.