Chapter 5 quizzes

Which of the following is an example of vicarious classical conditioning? Marcus is told about a new product by a close friend and decides to buy it for himself. Jada watches her grandfather check the air pressure in her bike tire and then use a hand pump to add air to the tire. She is later able to check the air pressure and pump up the tire herself. A cat responds to the sound of a bell because it sounds similar to a bell it hears on the television. As a young child, Jorge frequently observed his older sisters jump around and scream whenever any of them saw a spider, as they were very afraid of them. Subsequently, Jorge experiences feelings of fear when he sees a spider.

As a young child, Jorge frequently observed his older sisters jump around and scream whenever any of them saw a spider, as they were very afraid of them. Subsequently, Jorge experiences feelings of fear when he sees a spider.

Gracie had cheesy tacos at a local Mexican restaurant. Later she became terribly ill and suffered bouts of nausea and vomiting. What might we predict based on conditioned taste aversion research? Gracie will probably continue to eat cheesy tacos except when she feels nauseous. Gracie will probably get nauseated the next time she tries to eat cheesy tacos. Gracie will probably be able to eat cheesy tacos with no nausea at all. Gracie will probably develop a strong liking for cheesy tacos.

Gracie will probably get nauseated the next time she tries to eat cheesy tacos.

Kyla signed up for a new credit card that offers reward miles for every purchase. Kyla plans to make as many purchases as she can so that she can accumulate enough miles to go on a trip over spring break. Such an approach is an example of __________. shaping a token economy a form of negative reinforcement a schedule of reinforcement

a token economy

Tristan noticed that whenever he moved his dog's food dish, his dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry and excited. He reasoned that because he feeds the dog using that dish, the sound of the dish had become a(n) __________. unconditioned response (UCR) conditioned response (CR) conditioned stimulus (CS) unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

conditioned stimulus (CS)

To a dog, __________ is an example of a primary reinforcer, whereas __________ is an example of a secondary reinforcer. dog food, a dog treat a paycheck, money a gold star, candy dog food, a Frisbee

dog food, a Frisbee

Jalen cannot sleep because he is terribly worried about his research paper. So Jalen decides to get out of bed and continue working on the paper. Although he stays up till nearly 3 a.m., he is relieved that it is done and easily falls off to sleep. In the future, Jalen will be more likely to finish his work before going to bed so that he can avoid the worry and sleeplessness. Such behavior is an example of __________. classical conditioning punishment positive reinforcement negative reinforcement

negative reinforcement

Rescorla found that the CS must __________ the UCS for conditioning to take place. come after replace come at the same time as predict

predict

Little Jimmie's mother was upset to find that Jimmie had not picked up his building blocks after repeated requests to do so. The next morning, Jimmie found all his blocks had been picked up and put into a bag on top of the refrigerator. Jimmie's mother told him that he couldn't play with his blocks for the next 2 days. Which type of discipline did she use? punishment by application negative reinforcement positive reinforcement punishment by removal

punishment by removal

Ever since she was scared by a dog as a young child, Briana has been afraid of all dogs. The fact that she is afraid of not only the original dog but all types of dogs is an example of __________. stimulus generalization spontaneous recovery extinction stimulus discrimination

stimulus generalization

In Watson and Rayner's experiment with "Little Albert," the conditioned stimulus (CS) was __________. the loud noise the fear of the noise the white rat the fear of the rat

the white rat

Eli owned a small repair shop. Each day, he would check the mail to see if any of his customers mailed in a payment for the work he had done for them. Some days, he would receive a check or two. At other times, he would have to wait days before getting another payment. What schedule of reinforcement is evident here? variable ratio variable interval fixed interval fixed ratio

variable interval

Which of the following is the best example of applied behavior analysis? Cheyenne has children watch her repeatedly so as to understand how a task is to be done. Once they have finished the observation, then they are asked to imitate the behavior. Hanna observes a child to see what purpose a disruptive classroom behavior serves and identifies a new replacement behavior. She then implements a training program for the new behavior, reinforcing often at the simplest levels and gradually removing reinforcers as the child demonstrates the behavior independently. Ana wants children to learn a new behavior and uses punishment as the basis for the behavior change. Hayley works with children by asking them what they want to accomplish and then helping them attain that goal through different forms of classical conditioning.

Hanna observes a child to see what purpose a disruptive classroom behavior serves and identifies a new replacement behavior. She then implements a training program for the new behavior, reinforcing often at the simplest levels and gradually removing reinforcers as the child demonstrates the behavior independently.