Chapter 6 Part 2

Gender is a very important component of sexual identity. Gender refers to the masculine and feminine characteristics and behaviors as defined by the culture in which one lives. In this activity, you will learn to recognize the differences between gender roles and gender stereotypes. Also, you will discover which factors influence gender identity. From the list below, choose all of the accurate statements. Select all that apply.

-Being a transgender refers to a situation when a person's gender identity is different from his or her biological sex. -Toys and games play an important part in children's socialization.

There are numerous ways to express sexuality. Finding healthy ways to express sexuality is one part of developing sexual maturity; each society sets standards and norms for sexual behavior. Which of the following options are considered harmful variant sexual behaviors? Select all that apply.

-Voyeurism -Exhibitionism

he combination of chromosomes during conception is the beginning of sexual identity. At conception, a sperm and an egg combine. Most of the time, one sex chromosome comes from the sperm cell and one sex chromosome comes from the egg cell. These two sex chromosomes together determine whether the baby will be genetically female or male. However, sometimes errors occur in the formation of the sperm cell or egg cell, and the number of sex chromosomes (X and Y) may vary. A particular region on the Y chromosome is responsible for controlling the activity of certain genes and the production of certain hormones that result in the development of male gonads. In the diagram below, drag the terms describing biological sex to the targets representing different sex chromosomal combinations. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. IN COLUMN ORDER STARTING ON RIGHT

-normal female -normal male -DSD female -DSD male -DSD male -DSD female -DSD female -DSD female -DSD male

____ usually refers to the avoidance of any kind of intercourse.

abstinence

Sexual identity begins to form at _________ with the combination of sex __________, known as X and Y.

conception; chromosomes

Sexual arousal can be achieved by stimulating _______ for both men and women.

erogenous zones

The combination of alcohol and sex can be devastating: alcohol reduces social inhibitions, promotes the feeling of being desired and loved, and increases sexual desire. But on the other hand it can cause ______ for both men and women and also promote unsafe sex that can lead to unwanted pregnancies and ______

sexual dysfunction; STIs

Terms like "gay," "bisexual," "lesbian," "heterosexual," and "straight" are used to describe ________ or the nature of the long-lasting romantic, emotional, and sexual attraction of one person to another.

sexual orientation

Socialization that occurs during childhood affects our perception of masculine and feminine traits. For example, in the United States the traditional masculine gender role ________ include being self-sufficient, aggressive, and logical.

stereotypes

In order for the penis and other male genitals to form, ______ needs to be produced and released; otherwise, female genitals form.

testosterone

Sexual identity is determined by the interaction of genetic, physiological, environmental, and social factors. The perception or awareness of being masculine, feminine, between these two, or even fluid is known as a person's _______

Gender identity

During puberty, sex hormones play crucial roles in sexual development. Hormones released by the pituitary gland, stimulate the testes and ovaries (and in much smaller amounts other tissues) to produce the appropriate sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone) that lead to the development of secondary sex characteristics. Certain secondary sex characteristics are features that help distinguish males and females, but are not directly related to the reproductive system. Drag the appropriate symptoms and descriptors to their respective bins.

MALES -The primary sex hormone is testosterone. -Secondary sex characteristics include growth of the musculature. -Secondary sex characteristics include deepening of the voice. -Secondary sex characteristics include development of significant facial hair FEMALES -The primary sex hormones are estrogen and progesterone. -Secondary sex characteristics include widening of the hips. -Secondary sex characteristics include growth of the breasts. BOTH MALES AND FEMALES -Secondary sex characteristics include pubic hair. -The influx of hormones can cause a range of feelings or emotions. -Secondary sex characteristics include underarm hair. -Gonadotropins stimulate the gonads to make appropriate sex hormones.

The sexual response cycle consists of four stages. In which of the following stages do muscular tensions reach their peak and rhythmic contractions occur through the genital region?

Orgasmic phase

______ is the combination of both traditional masculine traits and traditional feminine characteristics in a single individual.

androgyny

The two most common _____ are sexual fantasy and masturbation.

autoerotic behaviors

In addition to being a male or a female due to biological traits, an important component of sexual identity is _______ or the actions and characteristics typically associated with the masculine or the feminine.

gender

Sexual identity is shaped by multiple factors, including ________, physiological, social, and environmental influences.

genetic

During puberty, _____ stimulate the testes and ovaries to produce sex hormones that lead to the development of _______, such as facial hair and breasts.

gonadotropins; secondary sex characteristics

The genetic instructions found on the sex chromosomes initiate the formation of male and female ______ during the first trimester of fetal development.

gonads

Within the female reproductive system, there are two major groups of anatomy. These include the external genitals and the internal organs. Which of the following is considered part of the external female sexual reproductive anatomy?

Clitoris

Abstaining from sexual activity, including for some people masturbation, is called ______

celibacy

More women can achieve orgasm through ______ of the genitals than through _______

manual stimulation; vaginal intercourse

Understanding one's gender identity and sexual orientation are important for exploring one's sexuality and having fulfilling and ____

meaningful sexual experiences