Chapter 6: Quiz Questions

Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells to cell walls of plant cells?

Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates.

Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live?

Cell

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true?

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

Which of the following is false in respect to cells' chromosomes?

Chromosomes only appear as a cell is about to divide

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true?

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following sequences represents the order in which a protein made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum might move through the endomembrane system?

Golgi apparatus;lysosome

Which of the following is false?

Mitochondria contain ribosomes in the intermembrane space.

Which of the following is a possible reason for grouping the peroxisomes with chloroplasts and mitochondria?

None of these organelles are part of the endomembrane system.

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?

Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of a plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular matrix?

The first two answers are correct.

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

In addition to the fundamental structures required to be defined as a cell, a particular cell also has a nucleus and chloroplasts. Based on this information, this cell could be _____.

a protistal cell and a plant cell

Which of the following structures is found in animal cells but NOT plant cells?

centrioles

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components?

cilia

Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?

cytoskeleton

Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found?

embedded in the plasma membrane functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell

Which of the following is/are most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion?

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Which of the following organelles is unlikely to show enhanced abundance in pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes?

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they _____.

have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found _____.

in bacterial cells

protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized _____.

in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

The walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are synthesized _____.

in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus

researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose and why is it the best choice?

light microscope, because the specimen is alive

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

manufacturing

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells?

mitochondria

Which of the following five membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four?

mitochondrial outer membrane

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following?

motor proteins

Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria?

muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

The observation that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own DNA and synthesize some of the proteins that function in these organelles suggests that chloroplasts and mitochondria _____.

must divide each time the cell containing them divides

Which of the following lack membranes as part of their structure?

peroxisomes ribosomes

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through _____.

plasmodesmata

Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell?

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following organelles might be found inside other organelles?

ribosomes

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of protein

Cell fractionation _____.

separates cells into their component parts

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate?

the nucleus

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through _____.

the plasma membrane