Chapter 6 quiz questions
The arrangement of fascicles in orbicularis oris is ________.
circular
Muscle tissue has the ability to shorten when adequately stimulated, a characteristic known as ________.
contractibility
Muscle tissue has the ability to shorten when adequately stimulated, a characteristic known as ________.
contractility
The heads of the myosin myofilaments are called ________ when they link the thick and thin filaments together during skeletal muscle contraction.
cross bridges
The prime mover of arm abduction is the ________ muscle.
deltoid
Which one of the following muscles is involved in abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint?
deltoid
The hamstring group is the prime mover of thigh ________ and knee ________.
extension, flexion
Sandra is playing the piano for her recital. Which muscle is NOT involved in the movement of her hands and/or fingers ________.
extensor digitorum longus
A smooth, sustained contraction is called ________.
fused or complete tetanus
Which muscle group includes the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus?
hamstring group
Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?
hematopoiesis
Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the hip ________.
illiposas
The condition of skeletal muscle fatigue can be best explained by ________.
insufficient intracellular quantities of ATP due to excessive consumption
Which one of the following is NOT a criterion generally used in naming muscles?
method of attachment of the muscle to bone
A motor neuron and all of the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates are termed a ________.
motor unit
One neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates is known as a ________.
motor unit
Endomysium covers ________.
muscle cell
An inherited disease that causes muscles to degenerate and atrophy is known as ________.
muscular dystrophy
The muscle that closes each eye is the ________.
orbicularis oculi
The point of muscle attachment to an immovable or less movable bone is known as the ________.
origin
Anaerobic glycolysis occurs without ________.
oxygen
Anaerobic glycolysis requires ________ to make ATP.
oxygen
Which muscle helps compress the abdominal contents during defecation or childbirth?
rectus abdominis
The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.
sarcolemma
Which of the following can actually shorten during a muscle contraction?
sarcomere
An elaborate and specialized network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that function in calcium storage is the ________.
sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the origin of the deltoid muscle?
scapular spine and clavicle
The gap between the axon terminal of a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.
synaptic cleft
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) ________.
synergist
Which of these muscles is a synergist to masseter?
temporalis
The epimysium covering on the outside of the muscle can blend into cordlike ________ or sheetlike ________.
tendons; aponeuroses
A sarcomere is ________.
the contractile unit between two Z discs
A skeletal muscle twitch differs from a tetanic contraction in that ________.
the muscle twitch is a brief and "jerky" movement, while the tetanic contraction is prolonged and continuous
Which one of the following is composed of myosin protein?
thick filaments
Cross bridges are created when myosin heads bind to ________.
thin filaments
Which muscle is an antagonist to gastrocnemius?
tibialis anterior
Why are calcium ions necessary for skeletal muscle contraction?
triggers myosin to actin
Creatine phosphate (CP) functions within the muscle cells by ________.
Storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to re-synthesize ATP as needed.
A sarcomere is ________.
Z disc to Z disc
When a skeletal muscle is fully contracted, the ________ are closer to the thick filaments.
Z discs
Acetylcholine is ________.
a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle
The mechanical force of contraction is generated by ________.
a sliding of thin filaments past thick filaments
Which of these events must occur first to trigger the skeletal muscle to generate an action potential and contract?
acetylcholine (ACh) causes temporary permeability to sodium
Endomysium covers ________.
an individual muscle cell
Muscles that perform opposite actions to one another are termed ________.
antagonist
Muscles that perform opposite actions to one another are termed ________.
antagonists
What condition results if muscles are not used, such as when immobilized in a cast for healing a broken bone?
atrophy
Neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the ________.
axon terminals of the motor neuron
Which of the following muscles are antagonists?
biceps brachii and triceps brachii
In order to excite a muscle cell, acetycholine must ________.
bind to receptors in the sarcolemma of the muscle cell
Which of the following muscles closes the jaw?
both masseter and temporalis
A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling or blowing a trumpet called the ________.
buccinator
Why are calcium ions necessary for skeletal muscle contraction?
calcium triggers the binding of myosin to actin
Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ________ muscle.
cardiac
The ________ is an organelle that wraps and surrounds the myofibril and stores calcium.
SR
During skeletal muscle contraction, myosin heads attach to binding sites associated with ________.
actin filaments
Contractions in which muscles shorten and produce movement are known as ________.
isotonic contractions
What is the main function of the quadriceps group?
knee extension