Chapter 6 sb
What are some signs of alcohol dependency?
shakiness increased tolerance
Choose functions of cholecystokinin.
signals the gallbladder to contract and release bile signals the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
Phospholipids contain both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions, which attract and repel water.
True
A chronic process that negatively affects the function of arteries and is the cause of most cardiovascular diseases is _____.
atherosclerosis
Most cases of heart disease and stroke result from
atherosclerosis
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (Acceptable Macronutrient Range - AMDR) recommends that adults should keep daily fat intake______.
between 20 and 35% of total calories
When a person consumes 4-5 or more drinks on a single occasion, he/she is labeled as a drinker
binge
Lipoproteins carry different amounts of
cholesterol. phospholipids. protein.
The four major classes of lipoproteins are
chylomicrons. high density lipoproteins. low density lipoproteins. very low density lipoproteins.
There is _____ evidence that low to moderate amounts of alcohol impair strength and endurance.
conflicting
You just ate a food item containing 5 grams of fat, which means that the food provides kcal from fat.
45
A person with a blood cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl does not have a risk for atherosclerosis.
False
Fatty acids are always saturated.
False
acids can be saturated or unsaturated.
Fatty
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for _____ is 20% to 35% of total calories.
fat
Lipids are a class of macronutrients that include _____.
fatty acids triglycerides cholesterol phospholipids
One in three adult Americans suffer from some form of disease, which includes heart disease and stroke.
heart
Phospholipids contain a portion, which attracts water, and a portion, which repels water.
hydrophilic or polar Hydrophobic or nonpolar
are a type of prescription drug that reduces a person's elevated blood lipid levels.
statins
Alcohol______.
suppresses the production of ADH by the pituitary gland causes the kidneys to excrete more urine
What are the structural components of a triglyceride?
three attached fatty acids glycerol backbone
By reading the Nutrition Facts panel, you can determine how much _____ are in most packaged foods.
total fat cholesterol saturated fat trans fat
A has three fatty acids attached to glycerol.
triglyceride
___________ is a hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile and the pancreas to release digestive enzymes.
Cholecystokinin
An individual with an acceptable total cholesterol level may still be at risk for atherosclerosis. What additional cholesterol measurement should be evaluated to provide a more accurate risk assessment?
LDL Cholesterol HDL Cholesterol
______ transport lipids from the small intestine and liver to body tissues.
Lipoproteins
Fatty acids can be ______.
Saturated Unsaturated
The chemical process that produces alcohol is not complicated and occurs naturally.
True
Non modifiable risk factors for CVD include
family history of CVD. increasing age.
When a molecule attracts water, it is called _____.
hydrophilic
The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile and the pancreas to release digestive enzymes is called _____.
cholecystokinin
When you are eating and drinking alcohol during a meal, the food in the meal______.
delays alcohol absorption from the stomach slows the rate at which alcohol appears in your blood
Alcohol works as a , suppressing the production of the antidiuretic hormone.
diuretic
What are some examples of food sources that contain cholesterol?
eggs ice cream chicken
Excess body fat around the abdomen is associated with
elevated LDL cholesterol. elevated triglycerides.
When excess body fat is stored _____, it is associated with unhealthy LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
near the midsection of the body
Match the drinker classification on the left with the number of drinks on the right. Instructions
Abstainer- less than 12 drinks/year Light- 1 to 13 drinks/month Moderate- 4 to 14 drinks/week Heavy- 3 or more drinks/day
What are possible agencies to contact for help with alcohol abuse?
Al-Anon/Alateen(www.al-anon.alateen.org/) Alcoholics Anonymous (www.aa.org/)
Describe the digestion and absorption of alcohol.
Alcohol requires no digestion.
Cholesterol is found only in foods from _____ products.
animal
Lipids or fats include______.
cholesterol
The fat-related information on the Nutrition Facts panel includes total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, and _____.
cholesterol
The diuretic effect of alcohol is to ______ the excretion of body water.
increase
Lipoproteins are water-soluble structures that transport ______ through the bloodstream.
lipids
Family history of CVD and increasing age are _____ risk factors for atherosclerosis.
nonmodifiable
Choose the major forms of cardiovascular disease.
peripheral artery disease heart disease chronic high blood pressure stroke
Which of the following can contribute to unwanted weight gain?
physical inactivity excess calorie consumption
Which drug is commonly prescribed to help people reduce elevated blood lipid levels?
Statins
National Drug and Alcohol Treatment Referral Routing Service or Al-Anon/Ala-teen are places to contact for help with problems of______.
alcohol abuse
Fats and cholesterol are , a class of nutrients.
lipids
Which of the following information about fat is required on the Nutrition Facts panel?
Total fat (grams) Trans fat (grams) Calories from fat Cholesterol (mg) Saturated fat (grams)
A(n) has an uncontrollable need to drink and is unable to limit his or her alcohol consumption.
alcoholic
What is the "backbone" of a triglyceride?
glycerol
What is the difference in calories between a gram of fat and a gram of carbohydrate?
5 kcal
is the long-term process in which plaques build up inside arterial walls.
Atherosclerosis
Which is true about alcohol?
Commercial alcoholic beverages are made from yeast production. Alcohol is not a nutrient. Simple sugars in the absence of oxygen produce alcohol, a metabolic waste.
Alcohol will improve performance because it will decrease anxiety.
False
