Chapter 6 test review

4. How did Cadillac use agriculture to start to build the colony's economy? What were the main crops cultivated?

Cadillac was the first to promote the cultivation of tobacco and indigo, a plant used to make a blue dye. He also encouraged colonists to begin small farms to increase the amount of food.

6. Why was the Company of the West established? What would be its function?

Crozat's financial losses in Louisiana made it difficult for the crown to find a new proprietor. The king and financier, John Law, named Louisiana a joint-stock company, which allowed people to invest in the colony through stocks. Law created the Company of the West to take charge of Louisiana.

1. Because Louisiana became a financial burden to France, how did King Louis XIV decide to run the colony?

King Louis XIV settled on the idea of a proprietorship. The proprietor was given economic control and a portion of the profits in exchange for sending settlers and upholding French law.

2. What did La'Salle discover instead?

La Salle found the mouth (where a stream enters a large body of water) of the Mississippi River.

6. Based on your knowledge of social studies, which of the following is an appropriate name for the painting?

La Salle's claim of Louisiana

5. Who were forcats?

Law began the practice of sending prisoners to the colony. This group were called the forçats.

3. What country was Louisiana claimed for? Where did the name "Louisiana" come from?

April 9, 1682- La Salle claimed Louisiana for France and named it after King Louis XIV.

9. What events led to the "bursting" of the Mississippi Bubble?

As expenses grew, it became difficult to keep stocks profitable. In 1720, there was difficulty paying back initial investments. Stockholders demanded their money in cash, and Law confessed he could not pay them back. Stock prices fell rapidly and many lost their fortunes, including Law.

16. Whose biography is described by these chapter titles?

Bienville

24. According to Source 3, why did both LaSalle and the Native Americans want the area surrounding the Mississippi River for their own?

Both groups wanted access to the river for irrigation of crops, transportation purposes, and ease of trade.

5. How did Cadillac offend the local Native Americans? Why was this offensive?

By refusing to smoke the calumet (a ceremonial pipe), Cadillac offended the local Indians, which could have led to war. This was a sign of disrespect, and an insult.

7. Which of the following choices best explains the significance of the log in the painting?

It was used to mark the spot where France's claim to Louisiana had been made official.

10. Based on the information in the map, why did St. Denis settle the outpost that would eventually become Natchitoches?

He established it as trade outpost due to its good location on the Red River

3. Who founded the city of Natchitoches? Why was this outpost established?

In 1714, Louis Juchereau de St. Denis established an outpost on the Red River which eventually became the city of Natchitoches. It was illegal for French settlers to trade with the Spanish, but the lack of supplies to the city made it necessary. The Spanish traded cattle, horses and silver while the French traded guns, knives, and medicine. This kind of illegal trade was commonplace in remote outposts, but grew to cities like Biloxi, Mobile, and eventually New Orleans.

10. Who established the city of New Orleans? For whom is the city named for?

In 1718, Bienville was finally allowed to build a city on the banks of the Mississippi River. He named it New Orleans in honor of the Duke of Orleans.

7. Who were casket girls, and why were they brought to Louisiana?

In 1726, there were about two thousand people but getting women to the colony was still a challenge. A small number of girls was sent from France in 1728. Each girl was given a trunk with all the things needed to start a household. They were called casket girls.

6. Why did Germans start settling in Louisiana? What positive effect did their agricultural expertise have on Louisiana?

Several hundred Germans came seeking refuge from war. They were very productive and established small farms.

15. What caused tension between the French and the Chickasaw? How did Bienville enlist the Choctaw to assist him with the Chickasaw?

The Choctaw were old rivals of the Chickasaw, who were allied with the English. The French believed that if the two tribes became allies, they would side with the English. Bienville began a military campaign against the Chickasaw. He paid the Choctaw to fight against them.

16. How did the English become involved in the conflict with the Chickasaw?

The English gave weapons and supplies to the Chickasaw.

1. What was the purpose of LaSalle's voyage?

The French, led by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, wanted to find trade routes to Asia but discovered Louisiana instead.

8. What was the Mississippi Bubble?

The company's rise in value and investors was nicknamed the Mississippi Bubble.

9. In what year did the first groups of African slave arrive in Louisiana? What main crop did they have expertise in growing?

The first group of slaves from Africa arrived in 1716. Between 1719 and 1721, many Africans were brought to Louisiana for the slave trade. They had great agricultural knowledge and rice soon became an important food in Louisiana.

2. Who was the first proprietor of Louisiana? What was his expansion plan for the colony?

The first proprietor was Antoine Crozat who appointed Antione de la Mothe, Sieur de Cadillac, colonial governor. Authority was transferred from Bienville to Cadillac in 1713. Cadillac sought to expand the territory north and west rather than east.

11. What challenges did Bienville face during the first few years?

The first years were difficult. A hurricane in 1723 destroyed the city's crops and most of the buildings. Bienville was recalled to France on accusations of mismanagement and spent the next seven years defending himself.

22. According to Source 1, approximately how much of Louisiana has access to water as a resource?

The majority of Louisiana has access to water as a resource

17. What was the outcome of the conflict with the Chickasaw?

The military campaign was unsuccessful and in 1740 they signed a peace treaty with no clear winner.

21. Which statement best describes the importance of the red and green lines on the map in source 2?

The red and green lines depict settlement areas, and these correlate to the development of parish lines.

10. What was the Code Noir (Black Code)? Why did Bienville establish these laws?

Enslaved Africans were the main work force in the colony in 1724, which led Bienville to establish a Code Noir, which dictated the behavior of both slaves and masters.

20. How did this war affect the Louisiana colony?

France could not provide Louisiana with adequate supplies, so the colonists resorted to trading with the Spanish and English traders. This created a pattern of ignoring official orders from France when needs could not be met.

2. How many settlers did John Law send between 1717 and 1721?

From 1717 to 1721, John Law sent seven thousand settlers to the colony.

26. Which statement best describes the meaning of LaSalle when he stated "upon the assurance we have received from all nations" as shown in Source 3?

Native American tribes are inhabiting the lands France is claiming.

3. Based on your knowledge of reasons for exploration, what can you infer is the significance of the cross in the picture?

One of the goals of the expedition was to spread the official religion of France.

23. Using sources 1 and 2, what correlation can be drawn between the settlement patterns of the French, Spanish, and Americans, as indicated by red and green dots, and the water-ways of Louisiana?

Settlements occurred around all the major rivers of Louisiana, which heightened the chances of survival for a settlement.

27. According to Source 1, what common feature did De Soto, La Salle, and d'Iberville's expeditions have in common?

They all explored the Mississippi River delta.

29. Which statement best describes the lands La Salle claimed for France?

all lands which waters flow into the Mississippi River

19. Which factor has most contributed to the distribution of religions shown in the bar graph?

colonies ties to Spain and France

28. According to Source 1, Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville contributed to early Louisiana by...

exploring the southern Mississippi River.

17. What skills did the Germans bring to the colony and why did they come to Louisiana?

farming/ warfare in their country

15. As seen in the map, New Orleans was built on the natural levee of the Mississippi River. What can you infer about the location of the city? Check all that apply

it is less likely to flood because it is on the natural levee AND the city will be a major trading center because of the access to the Mississippi River

30. Using Sources 1 and 2, what were the two main reasons King Louis XIV sent d'Iberville to colonize the Mississippi River only 17 years after La Salle? Select the two correct answers.

to secure France's claim over Louisiana AND fear the British or Spanish would take over Louisiana

25. According to Source 4, which statement best describes how did French settlers in the early 1700s mostly depend on the Mississippi River?

to trade blankets and utensils for corn and game

5. Which resource most influenced the settlement of Louisiana during the eighteenth century?

waterways