Chapter 7-8 test review

Andrew Jackson

(1829-1833) and (1833-1837), Indian removal act, nullification crisis, Old Hickory," first southern/ western president," President for the common man," pet banks, spoils system, specie circular, trail of tears, Henry Clay Flectural Process. Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 - June 8, 1845) was an American soldier and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, Jackson gained fame as a general in the United States Army and served in both houses of Congress.

Philadelphia Convention/ Constitutional Convention of 1787

who partook- The fifty-five men who gathered for the constitutional convention included some of the most prominent american. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, serving as diplomats in Europe, did not take part. But among the delegates were George Washington (whose willingness to lend his prestige to the gathering and to serve as presiding officer was an enormous asset), George Mason (author of Virginia's Declaration of Rights of 1776), and Benjamin Franklin (who had returned to Philadelphia after helping to negotiate the Treaty of Paris of 1783, and was now eighty-one years old). Few men of ordinary means attended. Although a few, like Alexander Hamilton, had risen from humble origins, most had been born into propertied families. They earned their livings as lawyers, merchants, planters, and large farmers.

Who is John Marshall?

Federalist John Marshall headed the supreme court and served John Adams as secretary of state and was appointed by the president to the court shorlty before Jefferson took office

Role of Lewis and Clark

Their objects were both scientifitic and commercial- to study the area's plants, animals life and geography, and to discover how the region could be exploited economically. Hoped the explorers would establish trading relations with western indians and locate water route to the pacific ocean

End of the Federalist Party

After War of 1812, Federalists had the Hartford Convention, where they discussed the fact that they wanted to change the Constitution to make it harder to declare wars and embargo

James Madison (1809-1817)

Democratic-Republican War of 1812

election of 1808

the Democratic-Republican candidate James Madison defeated Federalist candidate Charles Cotesworth Pinckney. Madison had served as United States Secretary of State under incumbent Thomas Jefferson, and Pinckney had been the unsuccessful Federalist candidate in the election of 1804.

Ratification

the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

Federalism

the distribution of power in an organization (such as a government) between a central authority and the constituent

continuity? impressment?

the royal navy resumed the practice of impressment. by the end of 1807, it had seized more than 6,000 american sailors, including men from the us warship chesapeake, which the british frigate leopard bombarded and boarded in American waters off the coast of marlyand

what was the result of the war with the Barbary states

the treaty ending the war guaranteed the freedom of American commerce, but Tripoli soon resumed harassing american ships. the barbary wars were the new nation's first encounter with the Islamic world

why was it still not successful

this Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports. Its intent was to damage the economies of the United Kingdom and France. Like its predecessor, the Embargo Act, it was mostly ineffective, and contributed to the coming of the War of 1812.

Battle of Horseshoe Bend

turning point during War of 1812 when General Andrew Jackson defeated 1,000 Red Sticks, killing 800. Battle of Horseshoe Bend, also known as the Battle of Tohopeka, (27 March 1814), a U.S. victory in central Alabama over Native Americans opposed to white expansion into their terroritories and which largely brought an end to the Creek War. Unable to divert troops from the Canadian campaigns, the United States mobilized territorial militia to attack the Red Sticks. In the fall of 1813, multiple columns of militia were sent into hostile territory with meager results. There were several fights and Indian towns burned, but the Red Sticks defiantly held out.

New Jersey Plan

which called for a federal government. It stated that each state would be equally represented by preserving the one-house legislature, but Congress expanded powers to tax and regulate trade.

role of women in 1790s and early 1800s

women were counted fully in determining representation in congress

Why was it a disaster?

devastated the economies of american port cities

North vs. South

. The Argument of slave representation also arouse anger between the North and South because the North resented the slaves and viewed them to have no representation whereas the South wanted the slaves to help give more representation for their states.

Farewell Address

A document by George Washington in 1796, when he retired from office. It wasn't given orally, but printed in newspapers. It did not concern foreign affairs; most of it was devoted to domestic problems.

Republicanism

A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed. adherence to or sympathy for a republican form of government 2

Alien Act

A series of laws known collectively as the Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by the Federalist Congress in 1798 and signed into law by President Adams. These laws included new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to vote. A series of laws known collectively as the Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by the Federalist Congress in 1798 and signed into law by President Adams. These laws included new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to vote.

Anti-Federalists

Anti-Federalism was a late-18th century movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, gave state governments more authority. Led by Patrick Henry of Virginia, Anti-Federalists worried, among other things, that the position of president, then a novelty, might evolve into a monarchy. Though the Constitution was ratified and supplanted the Articles of Confederation, Anti-Federalist influence helped lead to the passage of the United States Bill of Rights.

Fear about settlers moving out West and the Native Americans

At the same time, however, like british officials before them, many leaders of the new nation feared than an unregulated flow of population across the Appalachian mountains would provoke constant warfare with the indians. Moreover, they viewed frontier settlers as disorderly and lacking in proper respect for authority—"our debtors, loose English people, our German servants, and slaves," Benjamin Franklin had once called them.Establishing law and order in the west and strict rules for the occupation of land there seemed essential to attracting a better class of settlers to the west and avoiding discord between the settled and frontier parts of the new nation

Battle of Tippecanoe

Battle between Americans and Native Americans. Tecumseh and the Prophet attempted to oppress white settlement in the West, but defeated by William Henry Harrison. Led to talk of Canadian invasion and served as a cause to the War of 1812. Battle of Tippecanoe, (November 7, 1811), victory of a seasoned U.S. expeditionary force under Major General William Henry Harrison over Shawnee Indians led by Tecumseh's brother Laulewasikau (Tenskwatawa), known as the Prophet. The battle took place at Prophetstown, the Indian capital on the Tippecanoe River and the site of the present town of Battle Ground, near Lafayette, Indiana. Harrison, who was on a mission to destroy the power of an intertribal defensive alliance being promoted by Tecumseh and his brother, repelled the Shawnee attack and burned the village.

Election of 1796= why is it significant? Transfer of power, political parties

Because of factionalism among the Federalists, Pinckney received only fifty-nine votes, so Jefferson, the leader of the opposition party, became vice president political parties- John Adams, with Thomas Pinckney of South Carolina for vice president, representing the Federalists, and Thomas Jefferson, with Aaron Burr of New York, for the Republicans. In a majority of the sixteen states (Vermont, Kentucky, and Tennessee had been added to the original thirteen during Washington's presidency), the legislature still chose presidential electors. But in the six states where the people voted for electors directly, intense campaigning took place

Great Compromise

Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house. which stated that representation in the lower house was based on population, on July 16, 1787. The Great Compromise would serve as the basis of the government structure as we know it today and had also helped create the Constitution

Role of Madison

Early in the proceedings, Madison presented what came to be called the Virginia Plan. It proposed the creation of a two-house legislature with a state's population determining its representation in each

Loose interpretation of Constituiton? What did the federalist think of the LA purchase

Federalists were appalled. "We are to give money, of which we have too little," one declared, "for land, of which we already have too much." Jefferson admitted that he had "done an act beyond the Constitution." But he believed the benefits justified his transgression.

significance of whiskey rebellion

First "total war" in history of war on home front. Accelerated the modernization of the northern economy. Forged new national self-consciousness, a unified political entity in place of the older "union" of separate states. George Washington showed that he can keep the peace by dispatching the militia

election of 1804

First election with separate ballots for president and vice-president, as called for in the 12th Amendment -President Jefferson easily won reelection, and his running mate George Clinton of New York was chosen well -Jefferson ran strong in New England, a traditional Federalist stronghold -Most states chose electors by popular vote

secret treaty of 1802

France secretly reacquires Louisiana territory

Treaty of Greenville

Gave the United States claim to most Indian lands in the Northwest Territory. It ceded new territory to the United States in exchange for formal acknowledgement of Indian possession over certain lands. Although the treaty promised to honor Native American claims to land, it offered a false sense of protection from invasion by Americans moving westward

Federalist vs. Democratic Republicans

Hamilton and the Federalists wanted a strong central government, run by well-educated property owners. Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans wanted most power to stay with the states and wanted the farmers and the 'common man' to run the nation.

inaugural address

His inaugural address was conciliatory toward his opponents. "Every difference of opinion," he declared, "is not a difference of principle". We are all republicans, we are all Federalist. He went on to expound the policies his adminstration would follow- economy in government, unrestricted trade, freedom of religion and the press, and friendship to all nations but entangling alliances with none, america

precedent

In common law legal systems, precedent is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts

what happened with the us relationship with France

In effect, the treaty canceled the American-French alliance and recognized British economic and naval supremacy as unavoidable facts of life. Critics of the page 299 administration charged that it aligned the United States with monarchical Britain in its conflict with republican France.

Battle of Baltimore

In the following year, a British assault on Baltimore was repulsed when Fort McHenry at the entrance to the harbor withstood a British bombardment. This was the occasion when Francis Scott Key composed "The Star-Spangled Banner," an ode to the "land of the free and home of the brave" that became the national anthem during the 1930s.

Battle of New Orleans

Jackson then proceeded to New Orleans, where he engineered the war's greatest American victory, fighting off a British invasion in January 1815. Although a slaveholder, Jackson recruited the city's free men of color into his forces, appealing to them as "sons of freedom" and promising them the same pay and land bounties as white recruits

didn't deal with real issues of impressment, solidified relationship with Britain

Jay's Treaty contained no British concessions on impressment or the rights of American shipping. Britain did agree to abandon outposts on the western frontier, which it was supposed to have done in 1783. In return, the United States guaranteed favored treatment to British imported goods.

election of 1800

Jefferson and Burr each received 73 votes in the Electoral College, so the House of Representatives had to decide the outcome. The House chose Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President. Adams was running but received only 65 votes

Results? who is elected? 12th amendment

Jefferson and Burr each received 73 votes in the Electoral College, so the House of Representatives had to decide the outcome. The House chose Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President. Adams was running but received only 65 votes 12th ammendment- requiring electors to cast separate votes for president and vice president

who supported france

Jefferson and his followers believed that despite its excesses the Revolution marked a historic victory for the idea of popular self-government, which must be defended at all costs.

Macon's Bill No. 2

Macon's Bill Number 2, which became law in the United States on May 14, 1810, was intended to motivate Great Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars. This was a revision of the original bill by Representative Nathaniel Macon, known as Macon's Bill Number 1

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions- who were they written by?

Madison and Jefferson moblizied opposition, drafting resolutions adopted by the Virginia and Kentucky legislatures. Virginia-Madison Kentucky-Jefferson

What did the LA purhcase encourage in the future

Madison, in Federalist no. 10, had explained that the large size of the republic made self-government possible—"extend the sphere," he had proclaimed. Now, Jefferson believed, he had ensured the agrarian character of the United States and its political stability for centuries to come.

What does nullify mean?

Nullify-make legally null and void; invalidate.

Quasi-war and then peace

Peace- despite pressure from hamilton, who desired a declaration of war, Adams in 1800 negotiated peace with france quasi-war= By 1798, the united states and france were engaged in a "quasi-war" at sea, with french ships seizing american ships seizing american vessels in the caribbean and a newly enlarged american navy harassing the french. in effect, the united states had become a military ally of britain

San Lorenzo treaty of 1795

Pinckney's Treaty, also commonly known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo or the Treaty of Madrid, was signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. Gave exclusive trading rights with USA and spain

Popular Sovereignty

Popular sovereignty is the principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power.

Why is Madison involved in this court case

Refused to issue commissions to these midnight judges and was peace for the district of columbia

Naturalization Act, Alien Act, Sedition Act

Sedition Act- authorized the prosecution of virtually any public assembly or publication critical of the government Naturalization Act- Extended from five to fourteen years the residency requirement for immigrants seeking American citizenship Alien Act- allowed the deportation of persons fro m abroad deemed dangerous by federal authorities

Strengths vs weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

Strengths- The only powers specifically granted to the national government by the Articles of Confederation were those essential to the struggle for independence- declaring war, conducting foreign affairs, and making treaties with other governments Weaknesses- Congress had no real financial resources. It could coin money but lacked the power to levy taxes or regulate commerce. Its revenue came mainly from contributions by the individual states

significance of election of 1808 and 1812

The 1808 United States presidential election was the sixth quadrennial presidential election, held from Friday, November 4, to Wednesday, December 7, 1808. The Democratic-Republican candidate James Madison defeated Federalist candidate Charles Cotesworth Pinckney decisively. Madison's victory made him the first individual to succeed a president of the same party. Madison had served as Secretary of State since President Thomas Jefferson took office in 1801. Jefferson, who had declined to run for a third term, threw his strong support behind Madison, a fellow Virginian. Sitting Vice President George Clinton and former Ambassador James Monroe both challenged Madison for leadership of the party, but Madison won his party's nomination and Clinton was re-nominated as vice president. The Federalists chose to re-nominate Pinckney, a former ambassador who had served as the party's 1804 nominee. The 1812 United States presidential election, the seventh quadrennial American presidential election, was held from Friday, October 30, 1812 to Wednesday, December 2, 1812. Taking place in the shadow of the War of 1812, incumbent Democratic-Republican President James Madison defeated DeWitt Clinton, who drew support from dissident Democratic-Republicans in the North as well as Federalists. It was the first presidential election to be held during a major war involving the United States.

Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was the first written constitution of the United States. Written in 1777 and stemming from wartime urgency, its progress was slowed by fears of central authority and extensive land claims by states. It was not ratified until March 1, 1781. Under these articles, the states remained sovereign and independent, with Congress serving as the last resort on appeal of disputes Significantly, The Articles of Confederation named the new nation "The United States of America." Congress was given the authority to make treaties and alliances, maintain armed forces and coin money

Bank of the United States

The Bank of the United States was a central bank proposed by Alexander Hamilton and established in 1791. Among other functions, the private bank issued paper money, completed commercial transactions, and collected government tax revenues as well as lent money to the government The Bank of the United States was first chartered by the US Congress on February 25, 1791 after being proposed by Alexander Hamilton (Secretary of the Treasury) in 1790. The purpose for the bank was to handle the financial needs and requirements of the new central government of the newly formed United States.

Battle of Fallen Timbers

The Battle of Timbers, on August 20, 1794, was the last major conflict of the Northwest Territory Indian War between Native Americans and the United States.

Hamilton-Jefferson bargain

The Compromise of 1790 was a compromise between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson with James Madison wherein Hamilton won the decision for the national government to take over and pay the state debts, and Jefferson and Madison obtained the national capital (District of Columbia) for the South. The compromise resolved the deadlock in Congress. Southerners were blocking the assumption of state debts by the treasury, thereby destroying the Hamiltonian program for building a fiscally-strong national state. Northerners rejected the proposal, much desired by Virginians, to locate the permanent national capital on the Virginia-Maryland border.

Constitutional Convention

The Constitutional Convention[1] (also known as the Philadelphia Convention[1] the Federal Convention,[1] or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia)[2][3] took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in the old Pennsylvania State House (later known as Independence Hall because of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence there eleven years before) in Philadelphia. Although the Convention was intended to revise the league of states and first system of government under the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New York, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one.

Electoral College

The Electoral College consists of 538 electors. A majority of 270 electoral votes is required to elect the President. ... You help choose your state's electors when you vote for President because when you vote for your candidate you are actually voting for your candidate's electors.

Fugitive Slave Act compromise

The Fugitive Slave Act or Fugitive Slave Law was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. ... Abolitionists nicknamed it the "Bloodhound Law", for the dogs that were used to track down runaway slaves.

Haitian Revolution

The Haitian Revolution (French: Révolution haïtienne [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ ajisjɛ̃n]) was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign nation of Haiti.

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, called for the eventual establishment of from three to five states north of the Ohio river and east of the Mississippi. This was enacted the basic principle of what Jefferson called the "empire of liberty"- rather than ruling over the west as a colonial power, the United states would admit the areas population as equal members of the political system

Quasi War

The Quasi-War (French: Quasi-guerre) was an undeclared war fought almost entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800, which broke out during the beginning of John Adams's presidency. After the French Monarchy was abolished in September 1792, the United States refused to continue repaying its large debt to France, which had supported the U.S. during its own War for Independence.

3/5 Compromise

The Three-Fifths Compromise outlined the process for states to count slaves as part of the population in order to determine representation and taxation for the federal government. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention finally agreed the Three Fifths Compromise, that slaves should be counted at three fifths of their real number. The Three Fifths Compromise resolved the issue of counting slaves towards population in regards to representation in the House of Representatives.

12th Ammendment (1804)

The Twelfth Amendment (Amendment XII) to the United States Constitution provides the procedure for electing the President and Vice President. It replaced the procedure provided in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, by which the Electoral College originally functioned. significance- Each presidential election since has been conducted under the terms of the Twelfth Amendment. The Twelfth Amendment stipulates that each elector must cast distinct votes for President and Vice President, instead of two votes for President.

Viriginia Plan

The Virgina Plan, proposed by Edmund Randolph, consisted of a national government, made up of three supreme branches: the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary, and also for a new national legislature consisting of two houses, the lower and power house. The states would be represented in relation to their population in the lower house, and the upper house would be elected by the lower house and had no specific system of representation. The plan found opposition among delegates from smaller states because it was then possible for them to not have representation in the Upper House Randolph's proposal was a drastic change from the system of government in effect at the time, and was revolutionary with the creation of a strong national government and an executive branch. The fact that the Virgina Plan remained the basis for discussion showed that the delegates agreed that a more centralized government was necessary. However, the reluctance of the states to give up their power to a more centralized authority also shows their skepticism of the benefits of such a powerful central authority.

what were the barbary states doing to the US

The barbary states on the northern coast of Africa had long preyed on shipping in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, receiving tribute from several countries, including the US to protect their vessels

The reign of witches

The passage of these measures launched what Jefferson-recalling events in Salem, Massachusetts, a century earlier- termed a "reign of witches". Eighteen individuals, including several republican newspaper editors, were charged under the Sedition act. Ten were convicted for spreading "false, scandalous, and malicious" information about the government

What territory was added? how is this purchase in keeping with philosophy of the democratic republicans

This vast Louisiana Territory, which stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains, had been ceded by France to Spain in 1762 as part of the reshuffling of colonial possessions at the end of the Seven Years' War Madison, in Federalist no. 10, had explained that the large size of the republic made self-government possible—"extend the sphere," he had proclaimed. Now, Jefferson believed, he had ensured the agrarian character of the United States and its political stability for centuries to come. Farmers, Jefferson had written, were "the chosen people of God" and the country would remain "virtuous" as long as it was "chiefly agricultural."

who did not support france

To Washington, Hamilton, and their supporters, however, the Revolution raised the specter of anarchy. America, they believed, had no choice but to draw closer to Britain

Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa

Two Shawnee brothers who called for the revival of traditional Indian culture, a revival of the pan-Indian alliance, and resistance to federal policies and complete separation from whites

election of 1812

The war with Great Britain split the Democratic-Republicans -The pro-war faction in the South and West renominated James Madison, while Peace Republicans backed DeWitt Clinton of New York -The Federalist Party supported Clinton rather tahn run its own candidate -Clinton did well in New England and New York, but Madison won a narrow victory

power given to the state gov't

Under the Articles of Confederation, the thirteen states retained their individual "sovereignty, freedom, and independence"

Confederation Period (1781-1788)

Various amendments to strengthen the national government were proposed during the seven year ( 1781-1788 ) when the Articles of Confederation were in effect, but none received the approval of the states

George Washington Cabinet

Washington brought into his cabinet some of the new nations most prominent political leaders, including Thomas Jefferson as secretary of state and Alexander Hamilton to head the treasury department. He also appointed a Supreme Court of six members, headed by John Jay of New York. But harmonious government proved short-lived.

Farewell Address= Warnings, Suggestions

Washington defended his administration against criticism, warned against the party spirit, and advised his countrymen to steer clear of international power politics by avoiding "permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world."

why did these acts come about? what did each do? what does "sedition" mean?

Why-but the greatest crisis of the Adams administration arose over the Alien and Sedition acts of 1798. confronted with mounting opposition, some of it voiced by immigrant pamphleteers and editors, Federalists moved to silence their critics What does sedition- Sedition is the illegal act of inciting people to resist or rebel against the government in power. It's what the southern states did at the start of the Civil War. Sedition is the rebellious talk and encouragement that might lead to a mutiny, and can be charged as a crime, like treason.

Who is Marbury?

William Marbury, sued for their offices. Marshall's decision declared in unconstiutional the section of the Judiciary act of 1789 that allowed the courts to order executive officials to deliver judge's commissions

John Adams

Years= 1797-1801 John Adams, with Thomas Pinckney of South Carolina for vice president, representing the Federalists,

constitutional crisis

a breakdown in the orderly operation of government, that impacted most european countries during the 19th century

What does Jefferson do to the Alien and Sedition act

among his first acts as president was to pardon all those imprisoned under the Sedition act.

Federalist

an advocate of a federal union between the American colonies after the Revolution and of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution

Balance of Power

an equilibrium of power sufficient to discourage or prevent one nation or party from imposing its will on or interfering with the interests of another.

Non-Intercourse Act of 1809

banning trade only with britain and france but providing that if either side rescinded its edicts aganist american shipping, comerce with that country would resume

why is it significant? why does a constiutional crisis occur

before assuming office, jefferson was forced to weather an unusual constitutional crisis. each party arranged to have an elecctor away throw one or his two votes for president significant- with no candidate having a majority, the election was thrown into the house of representatives that had been elected in 1798, where the federalists enjoyed a slight representatives

what are they a reaction to? what do they call for?

both resolutions attacked the Sedition act as an unconstitutional violation of the first amendment Virginia- called on the federal's courts to protect free speech Kentucky- asserting that states could nullify laws of congress that violated the constitution- that is, states could unilaterally prevent the enforcement of such laws within their borders

XYZ affair= causes, effects, significance

causes- In 1797, American diplomats were sent to paris to negotiate a treaty to replace the old alliance of 1778. French officials presented them with a demand for bribes before negotiation could proceed effects- this xyz affair poisoned America's relations with its formers allies significance- By 1798, the united states and france were engaged in a "quasi-war" at sea, with french ships seizing american ships seizing american vessels in the caribbean and a newly enlarged american navy harassing the french. in effect, the united states had become a military ally of britain

Aaron Burr

definition- Aaron Burr is the third vice president of the United States (1801-05), who killed his political rival, Alexander Hamilton, in a duel (1804) and whose turbulent political career ended with his arrest for treason in 1807.

what was the us relationship with france and britain under jefferson

far more serious in its impact on the united states was warfare between Britain and France, which resumed in 1803 after a brief lull. According to international law, neutral nations had a right to trade nonmilitary goods with countries at war

what did this court ultimately decide about the constitution

forbade georgia from taking any action that impaired a contract. therefore the individuals purchasers could keep their land and the e legislature could not repeal l grantthe origina

what does Jefferson do to Federalist policies

he aimed to minimize federal power and eliminate government oversight of the economy during his eight years as president, he reduced the number of government employees and slashed the army and navy

the barbary states vs jefferson

in 1801, jefferson demands for increased payments and the pasha of tripoli declared war on the united states.

Battle of Tippecanoe

in 1810, tecumseh called for the attacks on American frontier settlements. in november 1811, while he was absent, American forces under William Henry harrison destoryed prohetstown

embargo act of 1807- what did it do?

navy sealing off the ports and seizing goods without warrants and the army arresting accused smugglers

What is judicial review?

supreme court had assumed the right to determine whether an act of congress violates the constitution

Thomas jefferson years of presidency, political party

years-1801-1809 political party- The Democratic-Republican Party (also known as the Republican Party and various other names) was an American political party founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in the early 1790s.