Chapter 7
Machines changed worker lives by...
Dividing labor into small task
Samuel Slater
English emigrant who built America's first water-powered textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island in 1793
labor union
Group of workers who band together to seek better working conditions
Industrial Revolution
Historic period in which production shifted from manual labor to the use of machines, changing how people lived and worked
Interchangeable parts
Identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing
Eli Whitney
Inventor who introduced the use of interchangeable parts in the United States
Capital
Money needed to build factories
What was one effect of the Erie Canal?
New York City became the nation's greatest commercial center.
National Road
Road made of cryshed stone that linked successfully link Maryland and the Ohio River
What was the most far reaching development in the transportation revolution of the early 1800's?
The arrival of railroads.
Turnpike
Toll roads chartered by some states, named for the gate that guarded the entrance
Erie Canal
Waterway built to link Lake Erie and New York City via the Hudson River
Cotton Gin
a machine for separating cotton from its seeds.
Nativists
campaigned for laws to discourage immigration
Tariff of 1816
increased prices on imported goods
Samuel F.B. Morse
inventor of the electrical telegraph and Morse Code, a system of dots and dashes used to send messages over metal wires
Francis Cabot Lowell
merchant who developed an entire industrial system for all stages of manufacturing cloth in the town of Lowell
Which American industry first used machines to do work previously done by hand?
textiles
Lowell girls
young girls who worked in Lowell's mills and lived in strictly supervised boarding houses