Chapter 7

In the courtroom work group, who is responsible for maintaining the large amount of paperwork generated during a trial, including transcripts, photographs, evidence, and any other records? a. ​Clerk of court b. ​Solicitor c. ​Court reporter d. ​Bailiff

Clerk of court

In the courtroom work group, who is responsible for recording every word that is said during the course of trial? a. ​Clerk of court b. ​Solicitor c. ​Court reporter d. ​Bailiff

Court reporter

Constitutional guarantees, such as the right to counsel, the right to a jury trial, and protection from self-incrimination, are part of which function? a. ​Public protection b. ​Crime control c. ​Due process d. ​Bureaucratic

Due process

Alaska is the only U.S. state that does not have one court of appeals (known as an appellate, or reviewing, court). T or F

False

Criminal jurisdiction is determined by the presiding judge where the alleged crime took place. T or F

False

If a defendant provides less than truthful information, there is no attorney-client privilege True or False

False

In the current criminal justice system, each party involved in a courtroom dispute has an equal chance to present its case and is secure in the belief that no outside factors are going to influence the decision rendered by the court. True or False

False

Judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys typically do not cooperate with one another. True or False

False

Most judges in the United States work at the federal level. True or False

False

Prosecutors in every state and in the federal government are elected officials and must answer to the voters. True or False

False

The clerk of the court has an exhausting list of responsibilities, including recording every word that is said in the courtroom True or False

False

The courtroom work group consists of the judge and jury. True or False

False

The due process function of the court emphasizes punishment and retribution. True or False

False

The ranking FBI agent in a given state is considered to be the chief law enforcement officer of that state True or False

False

The U.S. Supreme Court will not issue a writ of certiorari unless at least____________justices approve of it a. ​nine b. ​four c. ​two d. ​three

Four

The Supreme Court unanimously held that "any person brought to court, who is too poor to hire a lawyer, cannot be assured a fair trial unless counsel is provided for him." This case was ___________ a. ​Strickland v. Washington. b. ​Gideon v. Wainwright. c. ​Furman v. Georgia. d. ​United States v. Zolin.

Gideon v. Wainwright.

An appellate court will rarely question a jury's decision; instead, the appellate judges will review the manner in which the facts and evidence were provided to the jury, and rule on whether errors were made in the process. T or F

True

As most cases are decided through plea bargains rather than through trial proceedings, the judge often offers his or her services as a negotiator to help the prosecution and the defense "make a deal." True or Fale

True

Every state has at least one federal district court. True or False

True

It is possible for a person to waive his or her Sixth Amendment right to an attorney and act as his or her own defense attorney True or False

True

Minor criminal matters, such as traffic violations, prostitution, and drunk and disorderly conduct, are typically handled in courts with limited jurisdiction. True or False

True

The U.S. military has jurisdiction over active personnel who commit crimes, even if those crimes occur outside the course of duty True or False

True

There is no absolute right to appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. True or False

True

Trial courts are primarily concerned with determining guilt or innocence. True or False

True

The lowest tier of the federal court system is the __________ a. ​U.S. Court of Appeals. b. ​county court. c. ​municipal court,. d. ​U.S. District Court.

U.S. District Court.

The United States has____________different and separate judicial systems. a. ​52 b. ​13 c. ​2 d. ​94

52

Which of the following courts is primarily considered as a "reviewer" of judicial decisions? a. ​Appellate courts b. ​Trial courts c. ​Jurisdictional courts d. ​Original jurisdiction courts

Appellate courts

Which amendment provides for the right to counsel? a. ​The Sixth Amendment b. ​The Fourth Amendment c. ​The Eighth Amendment d. ​The Fifth Amendment

The Sixth Amendment

A public civil officer or official with limited judicial authority within a particular geographic area, such as the authority to issue an arrest warrant, is __________ a. ​a public prosecutor. b. ​a police officer. c. ​a magistrate. d. ​a federal judge.

a magistrate.

​The __________ is the chief law officer of any state. a. ​attorney general b. ​governor's inspector general c. ​chief judge d. ​chief court justice

attorney general

The ____________ function of the court is concerned with speed and efficiency. a. ​bureaucratic b. ​crime control c. ​due process d. ​rehabilitation

bureaucratic

A___________________opinion is a separate opinion prepared by judges who support the decision of the majority of the court but who want to express their own particular reasoning. a. ​writ of certiorari b. ​duces tecum c. ​concurring d. ​dissenting

concurring

The list of cases entered on a court's calendar to be subsequently heard in that particular court is known as the court's ___________ a. ​docket. b. ​affidavit. c. ​Arraignment. d. ​schedule of intent.

docket.

The_____________function of the court is concerned with protecting the rights of individual citizens against the power of the state a. ​bureaucratic b. ​due process c. ​crime control d. ​rehabilitation

due process

The court's legitimacy is based on two factors: impartiality and ________ a. ​the judge's prerogative. b. ​the statutes. c. ​jurisdiction. d. ​independence.

independence.

During the pretrial, the_______takes on the role of the negotiator.​ a. ​defense attorney b. ​public defender c. ​judge d. ​prosecutor

judge

The authority to hear a particular case is known as a court's __________ a. ​adjudication. b. ​the judge's prerogative. c. ​the statutes. d. ​jurisdiction.

jurisdiction.

An election where a political party, such as the Republicans or Democrats, openly support a candidate for a judgeship is known as a(n) ___________ a. ​open election. b. ​partisan election. c. ​primary election. d. ​nonpartisan election

partisan election.

Lower courts that have jurisdiction over one specific area of criminal activity, such as illegal drugs or domestic violence, are called ____________ a. ​problem-solving courts. b. ​trial courts. c. ​courts of limited jurisdiction. d. ​courts of general jurisdiction.

problem-solving courts.

During the pretrial process, the ___________ holds a great deal of discretion as to whether an individual who has been arrested by the police will be charged. a. ​public defender b. ​prosecutor c. ​defense attorney d. ​judge

prosecutor

The level of charge to be brought against a suspect is determined by the _________ a. ​prosecutor. b. ​lead detective. c. ​arresting officer. d. ​judge.

prosecutor.

The_______________of the court has its historical roots in the medical model of criminal justice. a. ​bureaucratic function b. ​rehabilitative function c. ​treatment function d. ​due process function

rehabilitative function

Drug courts, juvenile courts, domestic courts, and elder courts are all examples of _________ a. ​specialty courts. b. ​municipal courts. c. ​probate courts. d. ​trial courts of general jurisdiction.

specialty courts.

Attorney-client privilege does not apply when _____________ a. ​the client admits to particularly heinous sexually based offenses. b. ​the client provides information on a crime that he or she plans to commit. c. ​the client admits to murder. d. ​the client admits to a past offense.

the client provides information on a crime that he or she plans to commit.

If the U.S. Supreme Court orders a lower court to send it the record of a case for official review, a(n) _____________ is issued to the lower court to officially notify that court of its intent to review. a. ​writ of habeas corpus. b. ​writ of duces tecum. c. ​writ of certiorari. d. ​subpoena.

writ of certiorari.

The federal court system has____________U.S. Courts of Appeals, also referred to as U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeals a. ​7 b. ​16 c. ​10 d. ​13

​13

The U.S. Supreme Court consists of one chief justice along with associate justices a. ​9 b. ​10 c. ​8 d. ​7

​8

In the courtroom work group, who is responsible for maintaining security and order in the judge's chambers and in the courtroom? a. ​Court reporter b. ​Private security c. ​Clerk of court d. ​Bailiff

​Bailiff

Which of the following is NOT a decision made by appellate court judges? a. ​Whether a lower court decision should be reversed and remanded b. ​Whether a case should be reviewed by the lower court c. ​Whether a lower court decision of the case should stand d. ​Whether there should be additional charges

​Whether there should be additional charges

Courts who handle misdemeanors and some civil matters are referred to as _____ a. ​courts of limited jurisdiction. b. ​courts of unlimited jurisdiction. c. ​courts of general jurisdiction. d. ​felony courts.

​courts of limited jurisdiction.

Appellate courts _____________ a. ​determine questions of law. b. ​determine questions of fact. c. ​hear cases de novo. d. ​determine the defendant's guilt or innocence.

​determine questions of law.

Statements in which judges express the reasons for the court's decision in a case are __________ a. ​oral arguments. b. ​verdicts. c. ​recommendations. d. ​opinions.

​opinions.

Courts having original jurisdiction are courts of the first instance, otherwise known as __________ a. ​trial courts. b. ​appellate courts. c. ​state supreme courts. d. ​jurisdiction courts.

​trial courts.