Chapter 7 Creating a motivating work setting

Social Information Processing Model

An approach to job design based on the idea that information from other people and employees' own past behaviors influence employees' perceptions of and responses to the design of their jobs.

Task significance is the degree to which a job allows an employee freedom and independence. True / False

False ( Task significance is the extent to which a job has an impact on the lives or work of other people in or out of the organization. )

Job enlargement is often referred to as ______. multidimensional job loading unilateral job loading horizontal job loading vertical job loading

Horizontal job loading

Grocery stores that have individual employees assigned to individual, or only a few tasks, such as bagger, cashier, producer clerk, and meat cutter, employ the principles of job simplification and specialization. True / False

True

Scientific management has been instrumental in helping organizations improve employee effectiveness and productivity. True / False

True

The objective of MBO is to make sure that all goal setting contributes to the organizations effectiveness. True / False

True

social environment

provides employees with information about how they should evaluate their jobs and work outcomes.

Social identity theory

the idea that in groups consist of individuals who perceive themselves to be members of the same social category and experience pride through their group membership - team membership - religious affiliation

goal setting

the process of motivating employees and clarifying their role perceptions by establishing performance objectives

There is no difference between the social environment on the job for the permanent workers and contingent workers. True / False

False (Contingent workers face a different social environment on the job than regular employees face.

Job Design

- Linking specific tasks to specific jobs - deciding what techniques, equipment and procedures should be used to perform those tasks. - Job design may increase motivation and encourage good performance.

5 dimensions of The job characteristics model

- Skill variety - task identity - task significance - autonomy - feedback

Disadvantages of scientific management method

-Loss of control -Repetitive, boring tasks -Meaningless, monotonous work -High job dissatisfaction -No opportunity to develop and acquire new skills

management by objectives(MBO)

A goal-setting process in which a manager and each of his or her subordinates negotiate specific goals and objectives for the subordinate to achieve and then periodically evaluate the extent to which the subordinate is achieving those goals.

Scientific Management

A set of principles and practices designed to increase the performance of individual employees by stressing job simplification and specialization.

Job Enrichment (Vertical Job Loading)

Designing jobs provide opportunities for employee growth by giving employees more responsibility and control over their work. (Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory)

what are the basic steps of of management by objectives

Goal setting -> Implementation -> evaluation (loops back to goal setting)

______ focuses on identifying the types of goals that are most effective in producing high levels of motivation and performance and why goals have these effects. scientific management social identity theory goal-setting theory the job characteristic model

Goal-setting theory

"Shoot for the moon, even if you miss you'll land among the stars." points to what characteristic of high motivation goals? Goals should be vague goals should be difficult Shoals should be quantitative Goals should be specific

Goals should be vague

______ involves breaking up the work that needs to be done into the smaller identifiable tasks. job enrichment job specialization job enlargement job simplification

Job simplification

The ______ describes how individuals use the groups and organizations they are members of to define themselves. social identity theory social schematic social information processing model job characteristics model

Social identity theory

In the job characteristics model, the extent to which a job requires an employee to use a number of different skills, abilities, or talents is referred to as _______. Task significance skill variety task identity job crafting

Skill variety

In the job characteristics model, the extent to which a job involves performing a whole piece of work from beginning to end is referred to as ______. autonomy job crafting task identity task significance

Task significance

The job of a carnival ride operator who presses buttons to start and stop has a low level of skill variety. True / False

True

The motivating potential score (MPS) is a measure of the overall potential of a job foster intrinsic motivation. True / False

True

Job enrichment is also known as ________. job enlargement job de-simplification horizontal job loading vertical job loading

Vertical job loading

The key outcomes of the critical psychological states in the job characteristics model do NOT include ______. high job satisfaction high absenteeism and turnover high intrinsic motivation high job performance

high absenteeism and turnover

How could a goal of "make lots of sales," be BEST improved to ensure high commitment by the employee? Keep sales the same but increase the levels customer satisfaction increase sales by a large margin increase sales and levels of customer satisfaction increase sales by 25% by the end of this month

increase sales by 25% by the end of this month

job enlargement (horizontal loading)

increasing the number of tasks an employee performs but keeping all of the tasks at the same level of difficulty and responsibility.

According to scientific management, ______ is the principal outcome used to motivate employees to contribute their inputs. feedback pay specialization recognition

pay