Chapter 7: Dental X-Ray Film

The device that transfers x-ray energy into visible light is termed:

Intensifying screen

Dental x-ray film that is placed inside the mouth and used to examine the teeth and supporting structures is termed:

Intraoral film

Bitewing film

Is used to examine the crowns of both maxillary and mandibular teeth on one film.

Which of the following statements about duplicating is false?

It may be placed intraorally or extraorally.

Identify the ideal temperature and humidity levels for film storage: 50 F to 70 F; 30% to 50%

50 F to 70 F; 30% to 50%

Halide

A chemical compound that is sensitive to radiation or light; in dental radiography, a halide, such as silver bromide, is suspended in the gelatin of the emulsion.

Gelatin

A component of the film emulsion that suspends and disperses silver halide crystals over the film base.

Film emulsion

A costing attached to both sides of the film base by the adhesive layer to give the film greater sensitivity to x-radiation; homogenous mixture of gelatin and silver halide crystals.

Intensifying screen

A device used in extraoral radiography that converts x-ray energy into visible light; the light, in turn, exposed the screen film.

One film packet

A film packet containing one film.

Two film packet

A film packet containing two films.

Film base

A flexible piece of plastic that is constructed to withstand heat, moisture, and chemical exposure and provides strength and stable support for the film emulsion.

Cassette

A light-tight device used in extraoral radiography to hold the film and intensifying screens.

Which of the following results if the intensifying screens are not in perfect contact with the screen film?

A loss of image sharpness occurs.

Image

A picture or likeliness of an object.

Occlusal film

A receptor used to examine large areas of the maxilla and the mandible; the patient "occlusal" or bites on the entire receptor.

Image receptor

A recording medium; examples include x-Ray film or digital sensors.

Identification dot

A small raised bump that appears in one corner of an intraoral film; used to determine film orientation.

Duplicating film

A special type of photographic film used to make an identical copy ( duplicate) of an intraoral or extraoral radiograph; this film is not exposed to x-radiation.

Adhesive layer

A thin layer of adhesive material that covers both sides of the receptor base and attaches the emulsion to the base.

Rare earth screen

A type of intensifying screen used in extraoral radiography; contains phosphors not usually found in the earth that emit green light.

Calcium tungstate screen

A type of intensifying screen used in extraoral radiography; contains phosphors that emit blue light.

Latent image centers

Aggregated of neutral silver atoms on exposed crystals that collectively become the latent image on the emulsion of the film.

Nonscreen film

An extraoral film that does not require the use of a screen for exposure.

Blue-sensitive film

An extraoral film that requires the use of a screen for exposure and is sensitive to blue fluorescent light; this film must be paired with screens that produce blue light.

Green sensitive film

An extraoral film that requires the use of a screen for exposure and its sensitive to green fluorescent light; this film must be paired with screens that produce green light.

Screen film

An extraoral film that requires the use of a screen for exposure; this film is sinsitive to the light emitted from intensifying screens.

Cephalometric film

An extraoral image that is used to determine facial growth and development, trauma, disease, and developmental abnormalities.

Duplicate radiograph

An identical copy off radiograph that is made through the process of film duplication.

Which of the following is not found on the label side of the film packet?

Expiration date

A film that is placed outside the mouth during x-ray exosure is termed a(n):

Extraoral film

Nonscreen extraoral film is commonly used in extraoral radiography.

False

The component of the x-ray film described as "a flexible piece of plastic that withstands heat, moisture, and chemical heat" is termed:

Film base

The invisible pattern of stored energy on the exposed film is termed:

Latent image

Phosphors

Minute fluorescent crystals that cover intensifying screens and fluorescence,or emit visible light, when exposed to x-rays.

The purpose of a lead foil sheet in the film packet is:

To protect the film from back scattered radiation

A screen film is more sensitive to fluorescent light than to direct exposure to x-Rays.

True

X-Ray film

An image receptor that consists of a film base, adhesive layer, film emulsion, and protective layer; three types of x-Ray film may be used in dental radiography: (1) intraoral film, (2) extraoral film, and (3) duplicating film.

Periapical film

An intraoral receptor used to examine the entire tooth (crown and root) and supporting bone.

Sensitivity speck

An irregularity within the lattice structure of the exposed silver halide crystals that attracts the silver atoms.

Interproximal

Between two adjacent surfaces.

The device used to hold the extraoral film and intensifying screens is termed a:

Cassette

Which of the following statements is true?

Cassettes are available in sizes that correspond to film and screen sizes.

Silver halide crystals

Crystals that are suspended in the emulsion of the dental x-ray film (e.g., silver bromide, silver iodide); function to absorb radiation during x-Ray exposure and store energy from the radiation.

Protective layer

One of the four basic components of x-ray film; a thin, protective coating on top of the emulsion that protects the film from manipulation and mechanical and processing damage.

Paper film wrapper

One of the four components of the dental x-ray film packet; a black paper protective sheet covers the film and shields it from light.

Lead foil sheet

One of the four components of the dental x-ray film packet; a single piece of embossed lead foil placed behind the film to shield the film from scattered radiation.

Outer package wrapping

One of the four components of the dental x-ray film packet; a soft vinyl or paper wrapper that serves to protect the film from exposure to light and saliva. It has two sides: the tube side and the label side.

The component of an x-ray film described as "a thin transparent coating that is placed over the emulsion" is termed:

Protective layer

The intensifying screen that emits green light and must be used with green-sensitive film is a:

Rare earth screen

The chemical compounds that change when exposed to radiation or light are termed:

Silver halide crystals

Which of the following film sizes is known as the standard film?

Size 2

Which of the following is the largest intraoral film size?

Size 4

Receptor

Something that responds to a stimulus; a recording medium (example: x-ray film or digital sensors).

The film characteristic that is "the amount of radiation needed to produce a radiograph of standard density" is:

Speed

Film speed

The amount of radiation requires to produce a radiograph of standard density.

The identification dot on the intraoral film is significant because:

The dot determines film orientation

Fluorescence

The emission of s glowing light by certain substances when struck by a particular wavelength (e.g., calcium tungsten screens have phosphors that emit blue light, or fluoresce, when exposed to x-Rays).

F-speed film

The fastest intraoral film available; the letter F identifies the film speed; also called InSight.

One advantage of a film with an emulsion coating on both sides (double-emulsion film) is that:

The film requires less radiation exposure to make an image.

Film packet

The intraoral film and its surrounding packaging.

The speed of a film is determined by the size of the silver halide crystals in the emulsion. Identify the true statement:

The larger the crystals, the faster is the film speed.

Label side

The outer side of the x-Ray film packet that is color-coded and contains printed information; the label side of the film faces the tongue.

Tube side

The outer side of the x-ray film packet that is solid white and exhibits a raised bump in one corner; the tube side of the film faces the teeth and tubehead.

Latent image

The pattern of stored energy on the exposed film; the invisible image produced when the film is exposed to x-Rays and that remains invisible until the film is processed.

D-speed film

The slowest intraoral film; used before E-speed film; the letter D identifies the film speed.