Chapter 7 Review

What group of animals is considered the most successful? Annelids Echinoderms Molluscs Arthropods

Arthropods

As animals became more mobile, ___________ body symmetry became more favorable: Asymmetry Pentamerous radial symmetry Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry

Bilateral symmetry

Nematocysts are used for: Bioluminescence Attaching to solid materials Locomotion Debilitating prey

Debilitating prey

Some sea cucumbers are use this defensive mechanism: Release of ink Automatization Evisceration Release of tentacles

EVISCERATION

All mollusks have an external shell made of calcium carbonate: True or False

False

If nautiloids only inhabit the last chamber, what are the other chambers used for? Maintaining hypertonic seawater Food storage Maintaining buoyancy with gases Egg storage

Maintaining buoyancy with gases

The part of the mollusk's body that is responsible for secreting a shell is the: Visceral Head-food region Mantle

Mantle

The term for small invertebrates adapted to living in the spaces between sediment particles is: Microfauna Meiofauna Merofauna Macrofauna

Meiofauna

Echinoderms are characterized by: Usually having a heptaradial symmetry Having an exoskeleton similar to that of the Arthropoda Often moving by use of hundreds of fluid-powered tube feet Having an incomplete digestive tract Having bilateral symmetry as adults

Often moving by use of hundreds of fluid-powered tube feet

A cover, or _________ is used by certain gastropods when they retreat into their shell and close the opening: Radula Periostracum Operculum Univalve

Operculum

Sponges do not have which feature? Supporting structures Organs Gametes Specialized cells

Organs

Water enters a sponge through which part? Osculum Pinacocytes Coclora

Osculum

Arthropods must discard (molt) their chitinous exoskeletons in order to grow: True or False

True

Cephalopods are considered to have the most complex brain outside of the vertebrates, capable of advanced learning: True or False

True

Cephalopods use a structure called a funnels to squirt out water from their mantle cavities in order to create a kind of jet propulsion: True or False

True

Feeding currents in sponges are produced by flagellated cells called choanocytes: True or False

True

Mature marine hydrozoan Cnidaria are mainly colonies of polyps that produce medusae. True or False

True

Most mollusks have a radula, a ribbon-like structure that carries rows of small teeth: True or False

True

Sea squirts lose their notochord as adults: True or False

True