Chapter 8

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of needs, what must be developed immediately prior to esteem needs?

Love and belongingness

According to William Masters and Virginia Johnson:

Men and women have similar biological responses to sexual stimulation.

A(n) _________ is a state of deprivation.

Need

The ________ is the branch of the autonomic nervous system that is most active during processes that restore reserves of energy to the body.

Parasympathetic nervous system

________ is best described as the field of psychology that is about personal well-being and satisfaction, joy, sensual pleasure, and happiness, and optimism and hope for the future

Positive psychology

Which is true of psychological needs?

Psychological needs differ markedly from one person to another.

According to your text, one of the common cmplaints concerning the kinsey reports was that ____________.

It was collected from a non-random sample

Pansy is romantically and sexually attracted to both males and females. She is most likely to be labeled _________.

Bisexual

Daniella thinks that she is extremely overweight despite having a normal body weight. She avoids eating food and has recently lost a lot of weight. Despite this, she continues to think that she is overweight. Which eating disorder is Daniella most likely suffering from?

Anorexia Nervosa

The _______ is the division of the peripheral nervous system that reculates glands and activities such as heartbeat and respiration.

Autonomic nervous system

According to James and Lange, __________ are the cognitive representations of automatic physiological and behavioral responses.

Emotions

Eli is a school student. Her teacher's appreciation motivates her to study well. She also aims to impress her teacher and parents by getting into a good university after she graduates from high school. Eli's performance goals seem to be met through___________.

Extrinsic rewards

Which of the following is true of metabolism?

Fatty tissue in the body metabolizes food more slowly than muscle tissue does.

Clark Hill's drive-reduction theory states that:

Humans learn to engage in behaviors that reduce a state of arousal.

The ________ is a pea-sized structure in the brain that is involved in many aspects of motivation, including sex, aggression, and hunger.

Hypothalamus

__________ is best described as the direction of one's romantic interests and erotic attractions---toward members of one's own anatomic sex, the other anatomic sex, or both.

Sexual orientation

In the context of hunger, adaptive thermogenesis causes __________ when someone goes on a diet.

The body to burn fewer calories

Which of the following is one of the most common concerns about the Cannon-Bard theory?

The theory says that emotions occur independently from the environment.

In the context of the drive-reduction theory, which of the following is true of acquired drives?

They are developed through experience.

Motives are __________.

inferred from behavior