Chapter 8

Which of the following best describes person-organization fit?

A match between an individuals personality and values and those of the organization

Which of the following are characteristics of decentralized authority? Authority is delegated throughout the organization Authority is concentrated at the top levels of the organization Important decisions are made by supervisory level managers Important decisions are made by middle level managers

Authority is delegated throughout the organization Important decisions are made by supervisory level managers Important decisions are made by middle level managers

Which of the following are characteristics of a hierarchy culture? Encourages risk taking Formalized, structured work environment External focus Internal focus Driven by competition and strong desire to deliver results A variety of control mechanisms that measure efficiency, timeliness and reliability

Internal focus Formalized, structured work environment A variety of control mechanisms that measure efficiency, timeliness and reliability

_________ managers have decision-making authority and usually have people reporting to them, whereas _________ positions provide advice, recommendation and research

Line; staff

In an organic organization, which of the following occur? Specialized tasks Centralized hierarchy of authority Many teams Decentralized hierarchy of authority Shared tasks

Many teams Decentralized hierarchy of authority Shared tasks

Observable artifacts

Physical manifestations of the organization's culture such as symbols, myths, rituals and ceremonies

Which of the following is characteristic of a highly-integrated organization? Impulse toward dispersal Frequent communication Specialists working toward a common goal Standardized rules and procedures A formal chain of command Use of cross functional teams

Standardized rules and procedures A formal chain of command Use of cross functional teams Frequent communication Specialists working toward a common goal

A clan culture has which of the following characteristics? Structured work environment aimed at effectiveness and efficiency Strives to encourage cohesion through consensus and job satisfaction Profits take precedence over employee development and satisfaction Encourages collaboration among employees A family type organization

Strives to encourage cohesion through consensus and job satisfaction Encourages collaboration among employees A family type organization

Basic assumptions

Taken-for-granted, core beliefs and philosophies that employees have about the organization

Which of the following is the BEST descriptions of rites and rituals? A narrative based on true events that is repeated and sometimes embellished upon to emphasize a particular value Explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization The activities and ceremonies, planned and unplanned, that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in the life of an organization A person whose accomplishments embody the values of the organization.

The activities and ceremonies, planned and unplanned, that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in the life of an organization

The type of organizational culture a company has can be a source of competitive advantage.

True

Which of the following would be considered part of an organization's artifacts? Values Visible behaviors Decorations Rituals Awards

Visible behaviors Decorations Rituals Awards

Choose the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure. How things get done Who reports to whom Who specializes in what work How employees are responsible

Who reports to whom Who specializes in what work

On her first day on the job, Susan was told by a coworker "You're the fifth salesperson to sit at that desk in the last two years. I'll bet you didn't know that we call your pass the Piranha because he eats his people alive" Which of the following observable artifacts does this best represent? a. stories b. heros c. rites and rituals d. symbols

a. stories

Even though he is an executive vice president at his company, Bill is required to report on his work to the board of directions each month. This specific aspect of Bills job is an example of _____.

accountability

Trina knew her company would have to be creative and quickly respond to the demand for GPS in every rental care if they wanted to keep ahead of the competition. She wants to use innovation to enhance her company's growth. This exemplifies a(n) ____ culture.

adhocracy

Core beliefs that employees have about their organization, that are part of a company's culture and are difficult to change are referred to as ____.

basic assumptions

A control mechanism for making sure the right people do the right things at the right time is called hierarchy of authority or ______. a. division of labor b. strategic management c. chain of command d. span of control

c. chain of command

Trisha owns a small sweater production facility. For each sweater they sell, they provide one at no cost to a child in need. Her ten employees understand that while their job is to make sweaters, their reason for being is to supply sweaters to children in need. What common element does this demonstrate? a. coordinated effort b. division of labor c. hierarchy or authority d. common purpose

common purpose

In the common elements of organizations, _____ is the coordination of individual efforts into a group wide or organization wide effort

coordinated effort

A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is called organizational ____.

culture

John works at an organization where he supervises three people in the department. The important decisions are made by the company president. What type of authority is it? a. horizontal b. decentralized c. parallel d. centralized

d. centralized

In the manufacturing plant that Devon works at, there are fifteen different work stations that make individual parts. These parts are then forwarded to four additional stations for final production. Devon's manufacturing plant demonstrates _____. a. chain of command b. groupthink c. a benchmark d. division of labor

d. division of labor

Technology companies prefer an organic environment because ______. a. technology is a stable environment b. the market demands uniform product quality c. employees are closely supervised d. they constantly have to adjust to technological change

d. they constantly have to adjust to technological change

Jan works for a personal-care distributor and her company has separate production facilities for everything from soap to shampoo. The environment at Jan's company represents ____.

differentiation

The ____ values represent the values and norms actually exhibited in the organization, whereas the ____ values are the explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization.

enacted; espoused

______ values are the explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization, often put forth by the firm's founder or top managers.

espoused

Espoused values

explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization

A ____ organization is defined as one with an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between top managers and those reporting to them.

flat

For profit organization

formed to make money by offering products or services

Nonprofit organization

formed to offer services to some clients, not to make a profit

Market culture

has a strong external focus and values stability and control

Adhocracy culture

has an external focus and values flexibility

Clan culture

has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and control

Hierarchy culture

has an internal focus and values stability and control over flexibility

Enrique is a person everyone in the office looks to for guidance because his success with customers embodies the values of the organization. Enrique is an example of a _______.

hero

Within the financial company Brendan works for there is a vice president of marketing, a vice president of sales, and vice president of accounting. These positions are all examples of ______ specialization.

horizontal

A(n) ____ culture values profits over employee satisfaction, has a strong external focus, and values stability and control.

market

Top-down structure is characteristic of a(n) _____ organization. adhocracy organic decentralized mechanistic

mechanistic

Managers taking a contingency approach should consider the following in determining the optimal structure for the organization. Differentiation vs. Integration culture Espoused values of organization nonprofit vs. mutual benefit organization mechanistic vs. organic environment link between strategy, structure and culture.

mechanistic vs. organic environment Differentiation vs. Integration culture link between strategy, structure and culture

A box and lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organizations work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.

organization

In Chester Barnard's classic definition, a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people is known as a(n) ______.

organization

Carson places brake lights on cars on an assembly line. If there are any problems with the installation of the lights, superiors place fault on Carson. His obligation to make sure this task is done properly is an example of _____.

responsibility

The formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates an organization's members is called the organizational ____.

structure

In terms of organizational culture, a(n) ____ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys meaning to others.

symbol

Liam is frustrated at work. He not only has to report to his supervisor, Noreen, but he also has to report to her manager because Noreen works at home three days each week. Liam would prefer to report to just one person. He would like a company that stresses ____.

unity of command

The chain of command is also referred to as the organization's _____ hierarchy of authority.

vertical

mutual benefit organization

voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members' interests

Flat organizations generally have few levels with ____ spans of control, with one manager overseeing many employees. a. narrow b. short c. tall d. wide

wide