Chapter 8 - Anxiety Disorders

What is the association between parent and child anxiety? (392)

child's risk of an anxiety disorder is 2.7 times greater when at least one parent has a lifetime history of anxiety and 4.7 times greater when at least one parent has a current anxiety disorder.

What is DSM-5 criterion A for Specific Phobia? (349)

marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation (e.g., flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood). In children the fear or anxiety may be expressed by crying, tantrums, freezing or clinging.

List criterion A for Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia). (355)

-marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. -The anxiety must occur in peer settings and not just during interactions with adults.

What are the symptoms associated with panic attacks most commonly reported by children and adolescents? (360) Know 4.

-palpitations -trembling/shaking -sweating -shortness of breath

Describe two of the most common and interfering symptoms associated with Separation Anxiety Disorder. (353)

-school refusal behavior -somatic complaints such as aches, pains, or other symptoms of physical illness

Explain the concept of homotypic comorbidity as it relates to anxiety disorders? (347)

Anxiety disorders are highly comorbid many children with an anxiety disorders have often had more than one whether concurrently or across development.

What does information-processing theories of anxiety suggest? (387)

Children with heightened anxiety would be expected to selectively attend to threatening information.

List criterion A for Selective Mutism. (359)

Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking (e.g., at school) despite speaking in other situations

What is DSM-5 criterion A for Separation Anxiety Disorder? (353)

Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached

Weems and Costa (2005) found a pattern of specific concerns/fears pertaining to three different age groups. What are the concerns/fears associated with each of the three age groups? (373)

concerns regarding separation were most common in the youngest age group (6-9); fears related to death and danger were most prevalent in the middle age group (10-13); and social and performance concerns were those most often reported by the oldest cohort of adolescents (14-17)

List criterion A for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. (366)

excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance)

List criterion A for Panic Disorder, (361)

recurrent unexpected panic attacks. A panic attack is an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes (abrupt surge can occur from a calm state or anxious state)

Why did the DSM-5 unlink panic disorder and agoraphobia? (360)

research suggests that a number of adolescents and adults experience agoraphobia without panic symptoms