Chapter 8: Arrays and Strings (cont.)

In C++, what is the null character represented as?

*'\0'*

What is a c-string? (ws18)

- character arrays - null terminated - A character array is an array whose components are of type char.

What does *strcmp(s1, s2)* do? (ws18)

- compares *s2* to *s1* - returns 0 if they are the same - returns < 0 if s1 < s2 - returns > 0 if s1 > s2

What does *strcpy(s1, s2)* do? (ws18)

- copies the string *s2* into the string variable *s1* - length of *s1* should be at least as large as *s2* - It does not check to make sure that *s1* is as large as *s2*.

In C++, what is a string?

Any sequence of characters enclosed between double quotation marks.

What happens if the there is not enough room in *s1* to hold *s2*? (ws18)

If there is not enough room in *s1* to hold *s2*, then there will be an overflow.

What is the only place where C++ allows aggregate operations?

Input and output of c-strings

Does the function *strlen(s)* return the size of the array? (ws18)

No, an array of characters can have a larger size but the c-string itself can have a different length.

How can I find the length of a c-string? (ws18)

The function *strlen(s)* returns the length of the string *s*, excluding the null character.

What C++ library contains the c-string prototypes? (ws18)

To use the c-string prototypes, the program must include the header file *cstring* via the *include* statement.

How do you prevent functions from modifying arrays?

Using the reserved word *const* before the data type

Can individual array components be passed as parameters to functions?

Yes

How do you declare a two-dimensional array as a formal parameter?

You can omit the size of the first dimension, but not the second.

How do you pass an array as an actual parameter in a function call statement?

You use only its name.

How do you declare a one-dimensional array as a formal parameter?

You usually omit the array size.