Chapter 8 Assignment

Select all that apply Examples used in speeches are used for which of the following purposes?

Clarify an idea Personalize an idea Reinforce an idea

True or false: Examples in a speech help explain how many people are affected by the issue being discussed.

False

Phaedra is giving a speech about chronic illnesses among children. At one point she mentions that more than half of American children are living with a diagnosed chronic illness. Because this is a startling statistic, what should Phaedra have done during her speech?

Given the source of the statistic

Harry is giving a speech in class on endangered species. He has conducted a significant amount of research and includes some of the data he found in his speech. How else could Harry lend credibility to the information he is reporting?

Include quotations from experts on endangered species

Select all that apply What are three other names for extended examples?

Narratives Anecdotes Illustrations

Which of the following would be considered an unbiased source for a speech on gun control?

New York Times

Darrell Huff, author of How to Lie with Statistics, attempted to question the long-held belief that numbers

do not lie.

Select all that apply When using testimony, it is best to make certain that the source

is qualified on the subject at hand. is unbiased.

One of the most important steps when using statistics in a speech is to make sure that the numbers are

meaningful.

The mean, the median, and the are basic statistical measures that determine characteristics of a given group of numbers.

mode

Citing the views of experts can make a speech

more persuasive.

You are giving a speech about school violence, and you briefly mention Columbine, Virginia Tech, and the Amish school shootings in a sentence. You are using

specific instances.

Select all that apply Which of the following questions may be on a list about effectively using statistics in a speech?

Are my numbers from reliable sources? Do I relate the statistics to the audience? Do I use statistics to quantify ideas?

Select all that apply Which of the following should you do to make sure your statistics are representative?

Different groups of a population sample must be in correct proportion. The sample size must be large enough.

Select all that apply Which of the following might be found on a list about how to best use testimony in a speech?

Do I use testimony from unbiased sources? Do I give credit to the original source of all quotes? Do I identify the sources of all testimony?

Suppose you want to use an example in your speech to describe what it is like to be a child advocate. Which of the following suggestions would make the example more effective?

Make it vivid and richly textured.

When should you use statistics in a speech?

Only when needed

Pedro give the following example in his speech about unemployment: One older guy lost his job and was unemployed for the rest of his life. What could Pedro have done to make more of an impact on his audience?

Pedro could have used a more vivid, detailed example.

If you quoted your sister about her experience at summer camp, you are using what type of testimony?

Peer testimony

Select all that apply When you use examples in your speeches, they should be which of the following?

Richly textured Vivid

Select all that apply Examples that make the most impact on an audience are usually which of the following

Richly textured Vivid Specific

Polly is giving a speech about the world economy. She offers interesting statistics about the gross domestic product of several countries, all of which are in the billions of dollars. How could Polly have improved her speech?

She could have translated the large numbers into terms listeners can relate to.

Select all that apply Tansie was preparing a speech about the value of final exams for high school seniors. To gather some statistics, she asked 10 of her girlfriends in the junior class for their opinion. Six were against final exams, and four supported them. Why are Tansie's statistics not usable?

She only spoke with juniors, which is not representative of the student body. She only asked 10 people, which is not a large enough sample. She only spoke with girls, which is not representative of the student body.

Josh was preparing a speech about home real estate and wanted to give an idea how home prices had fallen in all seven recognized neighborhoods in his city. He found that the rounded percentage decreases were 3, 3, 5, 6, 7, 7, and 19. Why would using the mean, or average, decrease be misleading?

The last value would skew the result.

Select all that apply Clive says in his speech, "According to Suzanne Smofield, 93 percent of chemo patients who ingested some form of medical marijuana found relief from nausea." What should have been included in his oral citation?

The source of the information (book, magazine, newspaper, etc.) The date the information was published

Although you do not need to recite all of the information in your Works Cited list about your source, which of the following should you typically include in your oral citations?

The type of document, the author, the date published, and the author's qualifications

What is the main reason to use statistics in a speech?

To give your ideas numerical precision

In your speech, you discuss the health problems of obese children. Which of the following sources would be the most credible and reliable source of testimony?

U.S. Centers for Disease Control

What is one of the best ways for a speaker to explain a technical process or term to an audience?

Use an example

Select all that apply Which of the following are guidelines for the effective use of statistics?

Use statistics sparingly. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. Explain any statistics that are used.

Select all that apply Speeches without examples generally come off as which of the following?

Vague Impersonal

What makes quoting out of context so dangerous?

You can twist someone's remarks to prove something completely different from what was intended.

In your speech you decide to use a vivid and detailed narrative about a camping trip you took last year to illustrate one of your points about camping. This type of supporting material is called a(n) ______ example.

extended

Certain types of examples can personalize your ideas by adding ______ interest to them.

human

If you were giving a speech about a Japanese tsunami, and you quoted a local survivor on the hardships endured, you would be using ______ testimony.

peer

Select all that apply A speaker can give his or her ideas greater impact by ______ the opinions of people who have special experience or knowledge about the topic being discussed.

quoting paraphrasing

An important use of examples is to ______ your ideas.

reinforce

Select all that apply When citing sources in your speech, you do not need to include all of the information that you would use in a written bibliography. What you include depends on

the claim you are making. your audience. your topic. the kind of supporting material you are using.

When using costs or other monetary measures from different years as a statistic in a speech, it is important to consider the of the dollar in terms of inflation.

value

Select all that apply Ivan is giving a speech about global warming. He explains that an iceberg measuring about 2,200 square miles has recently gone adrift. He mentions that the iceberg is the size of Delaware and holds twice as much water used in the United States each year. Which of the following did Ivan do correctly in this example?

He provided a visual for large statistics. He explained the statistics in a way that would be meaningful to the audience.

Select all that apply What does it mean to make an example representative?

It is a typical example that proves a general point. It does not deal with rare or exceptional cases.

"About 1.4 million shelter dogs are adopted each year" is an example of

a statistic.

Speakers have a(n) ______ responsibility to use testimonies accurately and effectively.

ethical

When choosing statistics to include in a speech, use

only the most important ones.

A vivid example can be very effective in reinforcing an idea in your speech, but for such a purpose you should be especially certain that it is a(n) ______ example and not an exceptional case.

representative

Select all that apply Among the tips for using statistics are to

round off numbers. use numbers sparingly. name the source of statistics.

Select all that apply When giving a speech about homelessness, Trina describes Jules, the youngest child of a family of four, all of whom have been living on the streets for six months. She talks about how Jules has never had a bedtime story read to him or a warm breakfast to wake up to. Trina is using this example to ______ the ideas in her speech.

support personalize

What is one way to lend credibility to a speech?

Mentioning the sources of statistics

What is the problem with the following numbers (25.7 inches, 62,789,499 people, 78.55 kilometers per hour) being used in a speech?

They are too complicated to be easily understood by listeners.

It can be especially helpful to use statistics in a speech when you are attempting to convince your audience of the existence of

a problem.

According to 19th-century physicist Lord Kelvin, when a person can measure and express what they are speaking about in ______, they have proved that they know something about the topic.

numbers

If you are giving a speech with many abstract ideas that are hard to explain, which of the following would be the best supporting material to use?

Examples

You are trying to explain to your 12-year-old niece what a Bundt cake is. Which of the following explanations would be the best way to clarify by using an example?

The chocolate cake we had for your brother's 10th birthday party was a Bundt cake.

You have decided to take up running. You have a friend who has been running and coaching a long time. She tells you to go to a specialty store and look for lightweight, flexible running shoes rather than buying cheap shoes online, so you do. You were influenced by her

testimony

When you are presenting your speech to an audience and are using testimony, statistics, or examples, it is important to remember to

cite your sources orally.

Select all that apply To quote or paraphrase someone correctly, it is essential that you

do not misquote. do not quote out of context. do not violate the meaning of the statements being paraphrased.

During his speech on gun violence, John is presenting statistics on gun violence in major metropolitan areas. What could John do next to make sure his audience understands the impact of these facts and figures?

Provide an example about a person affected by gun violence that represents a typical situation

Select all that apply What are the key points to keep in mind when using testimony in a speech?

Use unbiased sources Quote accurately Paraphrase accurately Use qualified sources

Peer testimony works well in a speech when you need a statement from someone who has ______ on the topic.

experience

What is the number 421,113,603,533 when rounded?

421 billion

Select all that apply Using quotes accurately involves which of the following?

Making sure you do not skew the meaning of paraphrased statements Making sure you do not quote out of context Making sure you do not misquote anyone

Darnell feels confident that his speech on the benefits of plastic shopping bags will be persuasive because of the testimony he will provide. This testimony comes from two expert witnesses: one who is the president of a successful plastics manufacturing company and one who is a research scientist conducting studies funded by the plastics industry. Should Darnell feel confident that his speech will be convincing?

No, because his testimony is likely to be biased by sources whose work depends on the plastics industry.

In discussing the elections for governor in his state, Jeremy explained that a runoff had been scheduled because, according to the election commission, Rivera had won 45.42% of the vote, Li had won 30.23% of the vote, and Johnson had won 23.87% of the vote, with the remainder of the vote undecided. Which of the following is a tip in using statistics that Jeremy failed to follow?

Round off numbers.