Chapter 8: Special Senses

The ability of the eye to focus on close objects is known as ____________. a) binocular vision b) accommodation c) refraction d) inversion

b) accommodation

Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the __________. a) vibration of the tympanic membrane b) movement of the otoliths along hair cells c) transmission of light through the lens

b) movement of the otoliths along hair cells

Which one of the following cranial nerves is NOT involved in either taste or smell? a) facial nerve (III) b) vestibular (VIII) c) vagus (X) d) glossopharyngeal e) olfactory nerve (I)

b) vestibular (VIII)

The three sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wavelengths of visible light that are ____________. a) blue, green and red b) green, yellow, and purple c) red, green, and yellow d) orange, green and purple e) red, blue and yellow

blue, green, and red

The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the __________. a) pupil b) iris c) lens d) cornea

c) lens

Which layer of the eye contains rods and cones? a) optic nerve b) sclera c) retina d) choroid

c) retina

The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the ___________, and transparent portion known as the __________. a) conjunctiva; sclera b) iris; pupil c) sclera; cornea d) pupil; cornea

c) sclera; cornea

Hair cells that function as hearing receptors are located within the _________. a) auricle b) ossicles c) spiral organ of Corti d) oval window

c) spiral organ of Corti

The five taste sensations are ______________. a) sweet, sour, butter, nasty, gritty b) sweet, salty, spicy, bitter, gritty c) sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami d) sweet, sour, chewy, gritty, greasy

c) sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

Which one of the lfollowing nerves serves the anterior tongue? a) vestibular b) cochlear c) glossopharyngeal d) vagus e) facial

facial

The greatest visual acuity is housed in the _____________. a) ciliary body b) optic disc c) blind spot d) fovea centralis e) vitreous humor

fovea centralis

The ___________ gland is located above the lateral end of each eye and releases tears. a) ciliary b) tarsal c) ceruminous d) lacrimal

lacrimal

What gland releases tears onto the anterior surface of the eyeball? a) sweat b) mammary c) tarsal d) ceruminous e) lacrimal

lacrimal

What structure of the eye focuses light on the retina? a) choroid b) iris c) lens d) optic nerve e) sclera

lens

Identify the pathway of vibrations as they travel from the tympanic membrane to the ossicles __________________. a) stapes, malleus, incus b) stapes, incus, malleus c) malleus, stapes, incus d) malleus, incus, stapes e) incus, malleus, stapes

malleus, incus, stapes

An ear infection following an illness such as a cold can pass from the throat through the auditory (pharynogtympanic) tube to the ______________. a) semicircular canals b) middle ear c) outer ear d) inner ear e) eardrum

middle ear

The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or ____________. a) emmetropia b) hyperopia c) astigmatism d) myopia e) presbyopia

myopia

Vitamin A deficiency can lead to __________. a) color blindness b) night blindness c) presbyopia d) glaucoma e) cataracts

night blindness

Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain at the ___________. a) optic chiasma b) optic radiation c) convergence d) optic tracts

optic chiasma

The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the _____________. a) iris b) sclera c) choroid d) optic disc (blind spot)

optic disc (blind spot)

Tiny stones made of calcium salts that roll in response to changes in gravitational pull are called ___________. a) otoliths b) ossicles

otoliths

Eyes suddenly exposed to bring light experience ____________. a) accommodation pupillary reflex b) hemianopia c) convergence d) photo-pupillary reflex e) eyestrain

photo-pupillary reflex

The age-related condition resulting from decreased elasticity is known as __________. a) strabismus b) presbyopia c) hemianopia d) hyperopia e) myopia

presbyopia

Which of the following is NOT a primary taste sensation? a) bitter b) salty c) sweet d) pungent e) sour

pungent

The rounded opening of the iris through which light enters the eye is called the __________. a) choroid b) cornea c) pupil d) retina e) conjunctiva

pupil

The innermost sensory layer of the eye that contains biolar cells and ganglion cells is the _________. a) choroid b) sclera c) cornea d) retina

retina

The aqueous humor of the eye is reabsorbed into venous blood through the _________. a) ciliary body b) pupil c) inferior lacrimal canal d) scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) e) nasolacrimal duct

scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm)

Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect infotmation about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the __________. a) vestibule b) cochlea c) oval window d) semicircular canals

semicircular canals

The cochlear nerve transmits impulses to the auditory cortex located in the __________. a) parietal lobe b) temoral lobe c) occipital lobe d) frontal lobe

temporal lobe

Sound waves entering the external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) hit the eardrum, also known as the _______________. a) auricle b) ossicles c) pinna d) oval window e) tympanic membrane

tympanic membrane

The structure that divides the outer ear from the middle ear is a membrane known as the ______________. a) cochlea b) tympanic membrane (ear drum) c) vestibule d) auricle (pinna)

tympanic membrane (ear drum)

Static equilibrium receptors are located in the _________. a) vestibule b) cochlea c) tympanic membrane d) semicircular canals e) auricle (pinna)

vestibule

Which cranial nerve transmits hearing and equilibrium information to the brain? a) abducens (VI) b) trigeminal (V) c) trochlear (IV) d) oculomotor (III) e) vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and events it from collapsing inward is the ___________. a) scleral venous sinus (canal of Schlemm) b) vitreous humor (vitreous body) c) ciliary body

vitreous humor

The three cranial nerves that carry taste sensations to the brain are ___________. a) facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus b) abducens, trochlear, ocluomotor c) hypoglossal, vagus, trigeminal d) hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, facial

a) facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

Which of the external eye muscles is controlled by cranial nerve VI (abducens)? a) lateral rectus b) inferior oblique c) inferior rectus d) superior rectus e) medial rectus

a) lateral rectus

The vibration of sound waves causes the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to move against an ossicle known as ____________. a) malleus or hammer b) otolith c) incus or anvil d) stapes or stirrup

a) malleus or hammer

Which of the following is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males? a) color blindness b) glaucoma c) night blindness d) conjunctivitis e) cataracts

color blindness

The membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids is the __________. a) choroid b) conjunctiva c) sclera d) retina

conjunctiva

The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the _________. a) choroid b) conjunctiva c) sclera d) cornea e) retina

cornea

Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye? a) cornea, lens, aqueous humor, vitreous humor b) aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor c) cornea, aqueous humor, lense, vitreous humor d) lens, aqueous humor, cornea, vitreous humor e) vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea

cornea, aqueous humor, lense, vitreous humor

The type of chemoreceptor responsible for our sense of smell is called a _____________. a) static equilibrium receptor b) dynamic equilibrium receptor c) photoreceptor d) olfactory receptor

d) olfactory receptor

The pigmented portion of the eye that has a rounded opening though which light passes in the ________. a) sclera b) retina c) lens d) cornea e) iris

e) iris