Chapter 8

A synchondrosis A. allows bone growth. B. equalizes pressure between vertebrae. C. includes a joint capsule. D. allows free movement.

A. Allows bone growth.

In which of the following is rotational movement possible? A. Ball-and-socket joint. B. Condylar joint. C. Hinge joint. D. Pelvic joint.

A. Ball-and-socket joint.

Fluid-filled sacs containing synovial fluid are called A. bursae. B. menisci. C. ligaments. D. tendons.

A. Bursae.

A suture is an example of a(n) A. fibrous joint. B. cartilagenous joint. C. synovial joint. D. plane joint.

A. Fibrous joint.

A gomphosis is a _______ joint A. fibrous. B. cartilaginous. C. synovial. D. synchondrosis.

A. Fibrous.

Greg trips over a toy and experiences a sharp pain. His physician diagnosis a torn meniscus. Greg has injured his A. knee joint. B. elbow joint. C. shoulder joint. D. hip joint.

A. Knee joint.

Fibrocartilage discs that divide the joint into two compartments are called A. menisci. B. bursae. C. tendons. D. ligaments.

A. Menisci.

Movement that brings the foot farther from the shin is a(n) A. plantar flexion B. hyperextension. C. rotation. D. dorsiflexion.

A. Plantar flexion

The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is a A. symphysis that is amphiarthrotic. B. symphysis that is synarthrotic. C. symphysis that is diarthrotic. D. synovial that is synarthrotic.

A. Symphysis that is amphiarthrotic.

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by A. a synovial membrane. B. a joint capsule. C. a meniscus. D. articular cartilage.

B. A joint capsule.

Joints are also called A. annotations. B. articulations. C. affectations. D. affiliations.

B. Articulations.

The largest and most complex synovial joint is the A. hip joint. B. knee joint. C. elbow joint. D. shoulder joint.

B. Knee joint.

A sprain involves A. inflammation of bursae. B. overstretched or torn ligaments and tendons in a joint. C. dislocation of bones in joint. D. overuse of a joint.

B. Overstretched or torn ligaments and tendons in a joint.

Types of fibrous joints include A. synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints. B. syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints. C. synchondrosis, symphysis, and synovial joints. D. pivot, condylar, and ellipsoidal joints.

B. Syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints.

The hip joint has less freedom of movement than the shoulder joint because A. the joint capsule of the hip is surrounded by muscles and the shoulder is not. B. the articulating parts of the hip are closer than those of the shoulder. C. the hip joint capsule is less elastic than the shoulder. D. the hip has more supportive ligaments than the shoulder.

B. The articulating parts of the hip are closer than those of the shoulder.

Which of the following terms and descriptions is correctly paired? A. extension-bending the leg at the knee or decreasing the angle between the upper and lower leg. B. abduction-lifting the arm horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline. C. flexion-straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them is increased. D. adduction-moving a part in a circle or returning the arm from the horizontal position to the front of the body.

B. abduction-lifting the arm horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline.

Artificial joints are built of A. glucosamine and chondroitin. B. silicone polymers for small joints and metals for large joints. C. silicone polymers for large joints and metals for small joints. D. proteins for small joints and carbohydrates for large joints.

B. silicone polymers for small joints and metals for large joints.

A fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones is a A. suture. B. syndesmosis. C. gomphosis. D. symphysis.

B. syndesmosis.

Connie recently celebrated her 45th birthday. She feels ok most of the day, but in the morning, foor abouut a half hour after she gets ouf of bed, all of her joints feel stiff. This is due to A. sprains. B. torn ligaments. C. changes in collagen structure. D. nerve damage.

C. Changes in collagen structure.

Glucosamine and chondroitin are A. dietary supplements from fish skeletons. B. proteins found in joints that are taken as dietary supplements. C. dietary supplements from shells and cow cartilage. D. dietary supplements from human cadavers.

C. Dietary supplements from shells and cow cartilage.

Displacement of a joint is called A. bursitis. B. sprain. C. dislocation. D. arthritis.

C. Dislocation.

Movements permitted by the elbow joint between the humerus and the ulna are A. adduction, flexion, and extension. B. movement in any plane. C. flexion and extension. D. rotation and circumduction.

C. Flexion and extension.

A tooth root attached to a jawbone by a periodontal ligament is a _____ . A. synchondrosis. B. syndesmosis. C. gomphosis. D. synovial joint.

C. Gomphosis.

Disuse of the joints ___________ which hastens stiffening. A. causes arthritis. B. causes injuries. C. hampers blood flow. D. degenerates cartilage.

C. Hampers blood flow.

Cartilagenous joints are connected by A. synovial fluid. B. fibrous connective tissue. C. hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. D. a joint capsule.

C. Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.

Activity and exercise A. make joints more vulnerable to injury. B. hasten osteoarthritis. Activity and exercise C. keep joints functional longer. D. increase joint stiffness.

C. Keep joints functional longer.

A joint capsule is reinforced by A. tendons binding articular ends of bones together. B. articular cartilage cushioning ends of bones. C. ligaments binding articular ends of bones together. D. hyaline cartilage providing strength to the capsule walls.

C. Ligaments binding articular ends of bones together.

A muscle end attached to a less movable or relatively fixed part is called the A. symphysis. B. articulation. C. origin. D. insertion.

C. Origin.

Most of the joints in the ankle and wrist are A. hinge joints. B. pivot joints. C. plane joints. D. condylar joints.

C. Plane joints

Which of the following best describes the causes of common forms of arthritis? A. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are autoimmune diseases. B. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are caused by effects of aging. C. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease and osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging. D. Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by effects of aging and osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease.

C. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease and osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging.

Articular cartilage receives oxygen and nutrients from A. a direct blood supply. B. blood vessels in underlying spongy bone. C. surrounding synovial fluid. D. chondrocytes.

C. Surrounding synovial fluid.

In rheumatoid arthritis A. the synovial membrane becomes inflamed and thickens, forming a mass. B. articular cartilage is damaged and fibrous tissue invades. C. fibrous tissue ossify and bones fuse. D. all of the above.

D. All of the above.

Joints A. bind bones. B. allow bones to grow. C. enable body parts to move. D. all of the above

D. All of the above.

Which of the following movements could occur at the hip joint? A. Abduction and Adduction. B. Rotation. C. Flexion and Extension. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

A movement that brings the foot closer to the shin is a(n) A. extension. B. abduction. C. plantar flexion. D. dorsiflexion

D. Dorsiflexion.

The radial collateral ligament is associated with the A. hip joint. B. shoulder joint. C. knee joint. D. elbow joint

D. Elbow joint.

Which of the following is an infection? A. Osteoarthritis B. A sprain C. Bursitis. D. Lyme disease.

D. Lyme disease.

A synovial membrane A. is very thick with many layers of cells.. B. secretes serous fluid. C. stores mucus. D. secretes synovial fluid.

D. Secretes synovial fluid.

The coracohumeral ligament is associated with the A. knee joint. B. hip joint. C. elbow joint. D. shoulder joint.

D. Shoulder joint.

Which of the following is not a synovial joint? A. Condylar. B. Ball-and-socket. C. Hinge. D. Symphysis.

D. Symphysis.

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint? A. Syndesmosis. B. Coronal suture. C. Gomphosis. D. Symphysis.

D. Symphysis.

The rotator cuff of the shoulder is composed mainly of A. adipose and epithelial tissue. B. articular cartilage. C. epithelium and loose connective tissue. D. tendons and fibrous connective tissue.

D. Tendons and fibrous connective tissue.

Classifying joints as synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, or diarthrotic represents A. location in the body. B. the composition of the joint. C. the number of bones that the joint affects. D. the degree of movement possible at the joint.

D. The degree of movement possible at the joint.