Chapter 9

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner's idea that individuals have a broad range of types of intelligence, each to a different degree

Learning Diversity

differences in learning based on abilities, interests or experiences

Differentiated Instruction

a teacher often provides options for learning a topic or skill

Self-paced Learning

allows students to spend the amount of time they personally need to master concepts

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

created for each student who meets specific requirements by the student's parent (or guardian), one or two classroom teachers, a special education teacher, a school counselor, psychologist, or administrator

Special Needs

includes a broad range of physical, mental, social, and behavioral challenges that impact learning

Auditory Learners

learn most easily by hearing or listening to information

Kinesthetic-tactile Learners

learn most easily by performing hands-on or physical activities

Visual Learners

learn most easily by seeing

Learning Styles

methods individuals prefer and find most effective to absorb and process information

Accommodations

modifications to the environment, learning strategies, or materials that are made to help students with particular special needs succeed in the classroom

Magnet Schools

organized to emphasize a particular subject are, such as science, or promote an area of talent, such as the arts

Stereotype

preconceived generalizations about certain groups of people

Special Education

provides adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning environments or materials to help students with special needs to learn

Ethnicity

refers to a particular racial, national, or cultural group including that group's customs, beliefs, values, and often language and religion

Mainstreaming

students are placed in one or more regular classes based on their expected ability to keep up with the standard curriculum

Limited English Proficiency (LEP)

students from other cultures who are not proficient in the English language face additional challenges in school; also known as ELL

English Language Learners (ELL)

students from other cultures who are not proficient in the English language face additional challenges in school; also known as LEP

Pull-out Programs

students leave regular classes to participate in educational sessions geared toward specific needs

Exceptional Learners

students who require special educational modifications and, perhaps, other services matched to their abilities and potential

Inclusion

the only requirement is that the student will benefit from the class