Chapter 9 Adaptive Practice

A saddle joint permits

A saddle joint, such as the thumb, permits movement with two degrees of freedom, mainly flexion/extension and abduction/adduction which in turn also allows for limited circumduction.

When a singer opens her mouth to sing, which of the following movements occurs at her temporomandibular joint?

Depression is classified as a special movement. It is a downward or inferior movement of a part of the body. Opening the jaw is the depression of the temporomandibular joint. Depression is the opposite of elevation.

Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction are examples of ________________ movements, where there is an increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones. Save for Later Submit Answer

Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction are examples of angular movements at synovial joints like the elbow, hip, knee, and shoulder. These movements involve an increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones.

A trochoid joint is formed by the

The articulation of the radioulnar joint is a type of trochoid, or pivot joint, that allows for the wrist to supinate and pronate.

The sternum and clavicle participate in a

The flat bones of the sternoclavicular joint is considered a plane joint, and therefore can produce movements within two planes (biaxial).

The intercarpal joints permit

The intercarpal joints are plane joints; they permit back and forth movements. Plane joints can be biaxial or triaxial.

Joints that may be triaxial include

There are six main types of joints. The triaxial joints are ball-and-socket joints and plane joints, which can be biaxial or triaxial. Hinge joints and pivot joints are uniaxial. Saddle joints and ellipsoid (condylar) joints are biaxial.

When you sit cross-legged on the floor, your legs

When a person sits cross-legged, the limbs rotate away from the body's midline causing a lateral rotation, or movement away from the center of the body. Dorsiflexion occurs when the ankle flexes and the toes point superiorly, while circumduction refers to the movement of a body part in a circular motion.

You're receiving change from a cashier. When you put out your palm, you perform

supination

Which of the following is an example of a hinge joint?

Hinge joints are a type of synovial joint that allows bones to move in one plane, like the bending (flexion) and straightening (extension) of the elbow.

Which type of movement occurs between the calcaneus and cuboid bones?

A gliding joint is a type of synovial joint that occurs when flat bone surfaces, such as the calcaneus and cuboid bones in the foot, move past each other producing very little rotational or angular movements.

When you use the most inferior spheroid joint of the body, which is the movable bone?

In a spheroid, or ball and socket joint, the distal bone is able to move in all directions. For example, the humerus in the shoulder joint, or more inferiorly in the body, the hip, where the head of the femur (ball) fits into the concave acetabulum (socket) of the pelvis.

Which of the following articulations form a ball-and-socket joint?

In the shoulder joint, the round head of the humerus fits into the concave cavity of the scapula to form a ball and socket joint, a type of synovial joint, that permits rotary movement in all directions.

The major categories of movement at synovial joints include angular, Type your answer here , gliding, and special movements.

Movements at synovial joints are classified into four major categories: gliding, angular, rotation, and special movements.

Which of the following are joints that allow movement in only one axis?

Pivot and hinge joints allow movement in only one axis and include the elbow (a hinge joint), the atlanto-axial joint (a pivot joint), and the radioulnar joint (a pivot joint). The hip, intertarsal joints in the foot, and the acromioclavicular joint in the shoulder are all multiaxial and permit movement in multiple axes.

You stand on your toes to reach an item on a high shelf at the store. What special movement is occurring in the feet?

Plantar flexion is the bending of the foot at the ankle joint in the direction of the plantar or inferior surface, which is the movement required to stand on your toes. The opposite movement is dorsiflexion, which happens when there is bending of the foot at the ankle, or talocrural joint, in the direction of the dorsum, or superior surface.

Movement at hinge joints is typically

Simple hinge joints typically permit only flexion and extension. They are uniaxial joints.

When you text on your phone using the pads of your thumbs, you are moving a ball and socket plane hinge saddle between the phalanges.

The interphalangeal joints are examples of simple hinge joints where only flexion and extension are available movements.

What type of joint is found between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone?

The joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone is an example of a ball-and-socket joint or spheroidal joint. The type of joint allows triaxial movement.

_____________ rotation of the knees brings the anterior surfaces of the legs closer together.

When the anterior surface of a bone is turned toward the midline, it is termed medial or internal rotation. Conversely, when the anterior surface is turned away from the midline, it is called lateral or external rotation.