CHAPTER 9 - HUN 1201 - CENGAGE STUDY QUESTIONS

If energy intake continues to exceed energy expenditure, the __(A)__ fat cells stimulate cell proliferation so fat cell numbers __(B)__.

(A) = Enlarged & (B) = Increase

Initially, when energy intake exceeds expenditure, fat cells __(A)__ in size and __(B)__ in number.

(A) = Increase & (B) = Do Not Change

In order to gain weight, a person must take in at least an extra __(A)__ calories a day and use __(B)__ training to ensure healthy weight gain.

(A) = 200 kcals/day & (B) = Strength Training

When body weight decreases, fat cells __(A)__ in size, and the number of fat cells __(B)__.

(A) = Decrease & (B) = Remains The Same

Prevention of obesity is most critical during childhood and adolescence when fat cells increase in __(A)__. People with __(B)__ number of fat cells tend to regain lost weight more readily.

(A) = Number & (B) = An Increased

All of the following are sensible guidelines to achieve weight loss EXCEPT: (A) = A minimum of 1200 kcals are needed to ensure nutritional adequacy. (B) = Eat rapidly to avoid prolonged contact with food. (C) = Choose low energy density foods. (D) = Focus on plant-based foods. (E) = Engage in at least 30 minutes of physical exercise daily.

(B) = Eat rapidly to avoid prolonged contact with food.

Which of the following is true about energy metabolism in formerly obese people who have lost weight? (A) = Basal metabolic rates are higher after weight loss than during the obese state. (B) = Energy requirements are lower than expected for their current body weight and body composition. (C) = Energy expenditure is the same per kilogram body weight compared with the obese state. (D) = Energy expenditure is the same as in people who were never obese. (E) = Formerly obese people are less efficient at storing fat.

(B) = Energy requirements are lower than expected for their current body weight and body composition.

Which of the following is true about the body's set point? (A) = Minimum weight of a person. (B) = Maximum weight of a person. (C) = Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight. (D) = Point at which a person's weight plateaus before dropping again quickly. (E) = Point at which the physical discomforts of severe obesity overcome the desire to eat.

(C) = Point above which the body tend to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight.

All of the following are true regarding weight-loss surgery EXCEPT: (A) = Bariatric surgery suppresses hunger and alters metabolism by changing production of hormones. (B) = With limited food intake and reduced absorptive surfaces, vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common. (C) = Food intake is limited by reducing stomach capacity. (D) = Medical supervision is only required for the first 6 to 9 months after surgery. (E) = Dramatic improvements are seen in blood lipids, lower blood pressure, and diabetes.

(D) = Medical supervision is only required for the first 6 to 9 months after surgery.

Fad diets often produce weight loss, at least initially, because they are designed to limit total kcalories to how many kcalories or less per day?

1200 kcalories or less per day

Brown Adipose Tissue

Masses of specialized fat cells packaged with pigmented mitochondria that produce heat instead of ATP.

Irisin

Protein that triggers transformation of white fat cells into brite ones.

Leptin

Hormone that maintains homeostasis by regulating food intake and energy expenditures in response to adipose tissue.

Ghrelin

Hormone that promotes eating and weight gain by increasing smell sensitivity, stimulating appetite, and promoting energy storage.

Should "natural" herbal products and dietary supplements promoting weight loss be considered safe or effective just because they are available on the market? (yes or no)

NO