Chapter 9: Joints

87) The flava ligament is A) a paired ligament that connect the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum. E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

A) a paired ligament that connect the laminae of adjacent vertebrae.

40) Pronation is defined as A) a rolling of the distal epiphysis of the radius over the ulna. B) a twisting of the ulna medially. C) twisting the forearm so that the palms face anteriorly. D) the shortening of the angle between the radius and the humerus. E) movement of the mandible anteriorly, as seen when biting the upper lip.

A) a rolling of the distal epiphysis of the radius over the ulna.

86) The fibrocartilage outer layer of the intervertebral disc is called the A) annulus fibrosus. B) nucleus pulposus. C) synovial fluid. D) gelatinous pulposus. E) gelatinous fibrosus.

A) annulus fibrosus.

3) Within an intervertebral disc, which structure provides the tough outer layer of fibrocartilage and which structure provides the soft inner core for resiliency and shock absorption? (Figure 9-6) A) anulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus B) nucleus pulposus; anulus fibrosus C) anulus pulposus; nucleus fibrosus D) nucleus fibrosus; anulus pulposus E) anular ligament; spinous ligament

A) anulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus

120) Arthritis always involves damage to the ________ cartilages, but the specific cause can vary. A) articular B) intervertebral C) costal D) elastic E) fibrous

A) articular

15) Structurally, the pubic symphysis is classified as a ________ articulation. A) cartilaginous B) bony C) synovial D) fibrous E) diarthrotic

A) cartilaginous

47) The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are A) condylar joints. B) saddle joints. C) pivot joints. D) hinge joints. E) condyloid joints.

A) condylar joints.

20) Which of the following is not a property of articular cartilage? A) covered by perichondrium B) lubricated by synovial fluid C) enclosed by an articular capsule D) similar to hyaline cartilage E) smooth, low-friction surface

A) covered by perichondrium

96) The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the tibia and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the ________ ligaments. A) cruciate B) fibular collateral C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

A) cruciate

66) Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food? A) elevation B) abduction C) flexion D) pronation E) circumduction

A) elevation

98) The structures that assist the bursae in reducing friction between the patella and other tissues are the A) fat pads. B) medial menisci. C) lateral menisci. D) popliteal ligaments. E) cruciate ligaments.

A) fat pads.

14) Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to A) fibrous cartilage. B) dense regular connective tissue. C) periodontal ligament. D) rigid cartilaginous bridge. E) completely fused.

A) fibrous cartilage.

93) Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in A) flexion of the forearm. B) extension of the forearm. C) abduction of the forearm. D) adduction of the forearm. E) rotation of the shoulder.

A) flexion of the forearm.

71) Identify the type of joint at label "5." A) hinge B) condylar C) gliding D) saddle E) pivot

A) hinge

94) The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the A) humero-ulnar joint. B) ulnar joint. C) ulnaradial joint. D) radial joint. E) humeroradial joint.

A) humero-ulnar joint.

73) The movement of rotating a limb outward is called ________ rotation. A) lateral B) internal C) medial D) superficial E) abductive

A) lateral

55) In a triaxial articulation, A) movement can occur in all three axes. B) movement can occur in only two axes. C) movement can occur in only one axis. D) only circumduction is possible. E) no movement is possible.

A) movement can occur in all three axes.

64) Which of the following movements is a good example of depression? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

A) opening the mouth

121) A general term for pain and stiffness that affects the skeletal or muscular system is A) rheumatism. B) atherosclerosis. C) bursitis. D) bunions. E) arthritis.

A) rheumatism.

10) An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the A) ribs with the sternum. B) radius and the ulna. C) femur with the acetabulum. D) atlas and the axis. E) navicular bone with the cuniform bones.

A) ribs with the sternum.

48) The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a ________ joint. A) saddle B) gliding C) condylar D) hinge E) pivot

A) saddle

3) An immovable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) syndesmosis. E) symphysis.

A) synarthrosis.

7) A suture is an example of a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) syndesmosis. C) symphysis. D) diarthrosis. E) amphiarthrosis.

A) synarthrosis.

5) A ligamentous connection such as an antebrachial interosseous membrane is called a A) syndesmosis. B) symphysis. C) synchondrosis. D) synostosis. E) gomphosis.

A) syndesmosis.

119) Which of the following is not a member of the rotator cuff? A) teres major B) subscapularis C) teres minor D) infraspinatus E) supraspinatus

A) teres major

92) The elbow joint is extremely stable because A) the ulna and humerus interlock. B) the articular capsule is thin. C) the capsule lacks ligaments. D) several muscles support the joint capsule. E) the joint lacks bursae.

A) the ulna and humerus interlock.

23) Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle. Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident? A) A bursa is damaged and leaks synovial fluid. B) A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged. C) Articulating bones are forced out of position and ligaments are torn. D) Dislocation of the ankle occurs. E) The tibia is broken and must be set in a cast.

B) A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged.

32) ________ subdivide synovial cavities, channel the flow of synovial fluid, and allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces. A) Fat pads B) Menisci C) Bursae D) Lacunae E) Fasciae

B) Menisci

91) The posterior longitudinal ligament is A) a paired ligament that connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum. E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies.

41) A movement away from the midline of the body is called A) inversion. B) abduction. C) adduction. D) flexion. E) extension.

B) abduction.

97) In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci A) are cartilages that bind the knee to the tibia. B) act as cushions between the articulating surfaces. C) take the place of bursae. D) are found between the patella and femur. E) are prominent fat pads to protect the articulating bones.

B) act as cushions between the articulating surfaces.

26) Identify the structure at label "1." A) meniscus B) bursa C) articular cartilage D) synovial membrane E) joint cavity

B) bursa

67) Identify the type of joint at label "1." A) hinge B) condylar C) gliding D) saddle E) pivot

B) condylar

125) The most common type of joint inflammation is called A) rheumatism. B) degenerative joint disease. C) rheumatoid arthritis. D) osteoporosis. E) gouty arthritis.

B) degenerative joint disease.

11) A freely movable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) syndesmosis. E) symphysis.

B) diarthrosis.

52) Curling into the "fetal position" ________ the intervertebral joints. A) hyperextends B) flexes C) abducts D) extends E) rotates

B) flexes

117) The glenoid fossa is rimmed by the fibrocartilaginous A) fovea capitis. B) glenoid labrum. C) menisci glenoidum. D) annulus fibrosus. E) nucleus pulposus.

B) glenoid labrum.

50) Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones? A) saddle B) gliding C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) pivot

B) gliding

2) The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a A) suture. B) gomphosis. C) synchondrosis. D) synotosis. E) syndesmosis.

B) gomphosis.

18) Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid? A) shock absorption B) increases osmotic pressure within joint C) lubrication D) provides nutrients E) protects articular cartilages

B) increases osmotic pressure within joint

34) The three functions of synovial fluid are nutrient distribution, shock absorption, and A) stabilization. B) lubrication. C) padding. D) strengthening. E) enzyme secretion.

B) lubrication.

85) The gelatinous core of an intervertebral disc is called the A) annulus fibrosus. B) nucleus pulposus. C) synovial fluid. D) gelatinous pulposus. E) gelatinous fibrosus.

B) nucleus pulposus.

42) To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called A) rotation. B) opposition. C) circumduction. D) eversion. E) retraction.

B) opposition.

74) The atlantoaxial joint is an example of a ________ joint. A) ball and socket B) pivot C) gliding D) condyloid E) saddle

B) pivot

76) Identify the incorrect pair. A) gliding joint; sacroiliac joint B) pivot joint; hip joint C) hinge joint; ankle joint D) condylar joint; radiocarpal joint E) saddle joint; first carpometacarpal joint

B) pivot joint; hip joint

59) Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes? A) dorsiflexion B) plantar flexion C) inversion D) rotation E) eversion

B) plantar flexion

4) What two bones does the acromioclavicular ligament connect? (Figure 9-9) A) acromion and clavicle B) scapula and clavicle C) sternum and clavicle D) humerus and clavicle E) rib 1 and clavicle

B) scapula and clavicle

108) The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint. A) hip B) shoulder C) elbow D) knee E) wrist

B) shoulder

27) Identify the structure labeled "2." A) serous membrane B) synovial membrane C) joint capsule D) periosteum E) intracapsular ligament

B) synovial membrane

60) Which of the following movements is a good example of supination? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

B) turning the hand palm upward

105) The knee joint is stabilized by ________ major ligaments. A) 3 B) 5 C) 7 D) 9 E) 11

C) 7

82) ________ is a type of angular movement that decreases the angle between articulating bones. A) Adduction B) Abduction C) Flexion D) Extension E) Rotation

C) Flexion

114) Which of the following explains the occurrence of a hip fracture rather than a hip dislocation? A) There is a severe lack of capsular fibers in hip joints compared to other synovial joints. B) Only three ligaments are present in hip joints to provide stability. C) Stress gets transferred from head of femur to the diaphysis via the thin neck. D) Muscles surrounding the hip joint are altogether small and thus provide little stability. E) All of the above.

C) Stress gets transferred from head of femur to the diaphysis via the thin neck.

89) The interspinous ligament is A) a paired ligament that connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum. E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae.

6) A slightly movable joint is a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) diarthrosis. C) amphiarthrosis. D) gomphosis. E) synostosis.

C) amphiarthrosis.

1) What structure covers the bony surfaces of a synovial joint to prevent the surfaces from touching? (Figure 9-1) A) fibrous joint capsule B) synovial membrane C) articular cartilage D) elastic cartilage E) meniscus

C) articular cartilage

28) What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"? A) fibrocartilage B) synovial membrane C) articular cartilage D) bone tissue E) dense connective tissue

C) articular cartilage

31) Small pockets of synovial fluid that reduce friction and act as a shock absorber where ligaments and tendons rub against other tissues are called A) fat pads. B) menisci. C) bursae. D) lacunae. E) fasciae.

C) bursae.

16) Identify the incorrect pair. A) synarthrosis; immovable joint B) amphiarthrosis; slightly movable joint C) chondrosis; freely moving joint D) gomphosis; articulation between tooth and bone E) They are all correct; there is no incorrect pair.

C) chondrosis; freely moving joint

70) Identify the type of joint at label "4." A) hinge B) gliding C) condylar D) saddle E) pivot

C) condylar

24) Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints? A) freely movable B) lined by a secretory epithelium C) covered by a serous membrane D) contain synovial fluid E) covered by a capsule

C) covered by a serous membrane

80) The movement of a body part downward is called A) retraction. B) pronation. C) depression. D) protraction. E) eversion.

C) depression.

4) A synovial joint is an example of a(n) A) synarthrosis. B) amphiarthrosis. C) diarthrosis. D) symphysis. E) syndesmosis.

C) diarthrosis.

84) All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints except A) flexion. B) rotation. C) dorsiflexion. D) lateral flexion. E) extension.

C) dorsiflexion.

46) A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as A) inversion. B) plantar flexion. C) eversion. D) dorsiflexion. E) pronation.

C) eversion.

36) A collagenous type of connective tissue that reinforces the synovial joint and is found outside the joint capsule is called the A) extracapsular tendon. B) intracapsular ligament. C) extracapsular ligament. D) intracapsular tendon. E) meniscus.

C) extracapsular ligament.

62) Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

C) extreme bending of the head backwards

65) Nodding your head "yes" is an example of A) lateral and medial rotation. B) circumduction. C) flexion and extension. D) pronation and supination. E) protraction and retraction.

C) flexion and extension.

53) The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the A) hand. B) arm. C) foot. D) leg. E) hip.

C) foot.

68) Identify the type of joint at label "2." A) hinge B) condylar C) gliding D) saddle E) pivot

C) gliding

44) The ankle joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) condylar B) saddle C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) gliding

C) hinge

95) The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the ________ ligament. A) anterior cruciate B) posterior cruciate C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

C) patellar

124) In ________ an autoimmune response attacks joints and causes an inflammation condition. A) rheumatism B) degenerative joint disease C) rheumatoid arthritis D) osteoporosis E) gouty arthritis

C) rheumatoid arthritis

8) An epiphyseal line is an example of a A) gomphosis. B) synchondrosis. C) synostosis. D) symphysis. E) syndesmosis.

C) synostosis.

102) Complete dislocation of the knee is rare because A) the knee is protected by the patella. B) the femur articulates with the tibia at the knee. C) the knee contains seven major ligaments. D) the knee contains fat pads to absorb shocks. E) the knee is extremely resilient.

C) the knee contains seven major ligaments.

25) Which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrous cartilage? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

D) 4

81) ________ is a type of angular movement that increases the angle between articulating bones. A) Adduction B) Abduction C) Flexion D) Extension E) Rotation

D) Extension

109) Which of the following is false? A) The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder joint. B) The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint. C) The tighter two bones are held together within a joint, the stronger the joint. D) The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint. E) The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.

D) The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint.

88) The supraspinous ligament is A) a paired ligament that connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum. E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum.

106) In nursemaids elbow the radial head is dislocated from the A) ulnar collateral ligament. B) radial collateral ligament. C) articular capsule. D) anular ligament. E) antebrachial interosseous membrane.

D) anular ligament.

19) Bursae are found in all of the following areas except A) tendon sheaths. B) beneath the skin covering a bone. C) within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure. D) around blood vessels. E) around many synovial joints.

D) around blood vessels.

112) Which of the following athletes are at greatest risk of developing a rotator cuff injury? A) tennis players B) soccer players C) runners D) baseball pitchers E) high jumpers

D) baseball pitchers

45) Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) bending the elbow E) spreading the fingers

D) bending the elbow

35) A ________ is a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe. A) spur B) blister C) callus D) bunion E) pimple

D) bunion

38) The joint between the forearm bones and the wrist is a ________ joint. A) saddle B) glide C) hinge D) condylar E) pivot

D) condylar

33) A ________ occurs when articulating surfaces are forced out of position. A) fracture B) bunion C) bursitis D) dislocation E) sprain

D) dislocation

78) The movement of a body part upward is called A) extension. B) protraction. C) supination. D) elevation. E) abduction.

D) elevation.

118) The shoulder joint, or ________ joint, permits the greatest range of motion of any joint. A) coracocondylar B) humeroacromial C) clavicoscapular D) glenohumeral E) deltobrachial

D) glenohumeral

54) The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) saddle B) gliding C) condylar D) hinge E) pivot

D) hinge

39) Ankle extension is also called A) dorsiflexion. B) inversion. C) eversion. D) plantar flexion. E) protraction.

D) plantar flexion.

77) You ________ your mandible when you grasp your upper lip with your lower teeth. A) rotate B) extend C) pivot D) protract E) pronate

D) protract

69) Identify the type of joint at label "3." A) hinge B) gliding C) condylar D) saddle E) pivot

D) saddle

83) Which of the following is not a type of synovial joint? A) gliding B) hinge C) pivot D) symphysis E) condylar

D) symphysis

1) Joints can be classified structurally as A) bony. B) fibrous. C) cartilaginous. D) synovial. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

115) Factors that increase the stability of the hip joint include A) strong muscular padding. B) tough capsule. C) almost complete bony socket. D) supporting ligaments. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

13) Which of the following is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints? A) suture B) gomphosis C) synchondrosis D) synostosis E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

17) Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged? A) The matrix begins to break down. B) The exposed surface appears rough. C) Friction in the joint increases. D) Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

79) Which of the following types of movement are not permitted at a synovial joint? A) eversion B) flexion C) retraction D) gliding E) They are all permitted.

E) They are all permitted.

90) The anterior longitudinal ligament is A) a paired ligament that connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. B) a fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. C) a band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. D) a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum. E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

E) a wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

107) Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion? A) coracohumeral B) coracoacromial C) coracoclavicular D) glenohumeral E) acromioclavicular

E) acromioclavicular

113) Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the hip joint? A) iliofemoral ligament B) pubofemoral ligament C) ischiofemoral ligament D) ligamentum teres E) anterior cruciate ligament

E) anterior cruciate ligament

122) The clinical term for joint inflammation is A) rheumatism. B) atherosclerosis. C) bursitis. D) bunions. E) arthritis.

E) arthritis.

99) The normal movement of the knee joint during walking involves A) abduction. B) adduction. C) flexion. D) extension. E) both flexion and extension.

E) both flexion and extension.

21) The surface of articular cartilage is A) slick. B) flat. C) smooth. D) rough. E) both slick and smooth.

E) both slick and smooth.

111) Which of the following ligaments assists in stabilization of the shoulder joint? A) coracoacromial B) subscapularis C) coracoclavicular D) coracoacromial and subscapular ligaments E) coracoacromial and coracoclavicular ligaments

E) coracoacromial and coracoclavicular ligaments

61) Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is A) circumduction. B) eversion. C) inversion. D) plantar flexion. E) dorsiflexion.

E) dorsiflexion.

30) Usually found outside the capsule, ________ protect the articular cartilages and act as packing material for the joint. A) ligaments B) tendons C) bursae D) menisci E) fat pads

E) fat pads

2) List the various types of angular movements. (Figure 9-3) A) inversion and eversion B) dorsiflexion and plantar flexion C) circumduction D) pronation and supination E) flexion/extension/hyperextension, abduction/adduction, and circumduction

E) flexion/extension/hyperextension, abduction/adduction, and circumduction

58) The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints. A) saddle B) pivot C) condylar D) hinge E) gliding

E) gliding

9) Dense fibrous connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n) A) amphiarthrosis. B) syndesmosis. C) synostosis. D) synchondrosis. E) gomphosis.

E) gomphosis.

123) In ________ crystals of uric acid form within the synovial fluid of joints. A) rheumatism B) degenerative joint disease C) rheumatoid arthritis D) osteoporosis E) gouty arthritis

E) gouty arthritis

49) Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints. A) saddle B) gliding C) ball-and-socket D) condylar E) hinge

E) hinge

56) An extension past the anatomical position is known as A) double-jointed. B) extension. C) flexion. D) rotation. E) hyperextension.

E) hyperextension.

29) Identify the structure labeled "5." A) serous membrane B) synovial membrane C) joint capsule D) periosteum E) intracapsular ligament

E) intracapsular ligament

43) A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, called A) eversion. B) protraction. C) dorsiflexion. D) plantar flexion. E) inversion.

E) inversion.

72) The movement of rotating a limb toward the anterior surface of the body is called ________ rotation. A) frontal B) external C) lateral D) outward E) medial

E) medial

103) The most common athletic knee injury produces damage to the A) patella. B) lateral meniscus. C) ligaments. D) tendons. E) medial meniscus.

E) medial meniscus.

104) The ligament that encloses the ________ attaches to the tibial tuberosity. A) head of the femur B) greater trochanter C) medial malleolus D) lesser trochanter E) patella

E) patella

51) Which of the following types of joints is monaxial, but capable of only rotation? A) saddle B) gliding C) hinge D) ball-and-socket E) pivot

E) pivot

100) The back of the knee joint is reinforced by ________ ligaments. A) tibial collateral B) anterior cruciate C) posterior cruciate D) patellar E) popliteal

E) popliteal

110) The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to A) reinforce the joint capsule. B) limit the range of movements. C) allow biaxial movement. D) allow monaxial movement. E) reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements.

E) reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements.

116) The coxal bones articulate with the sacrum at the ________ joint. A) vertebrocoxal B) coxosacral C) iliocoxal D) vertebroilial E) sacroiliac

E) sacroiliac

57) Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? A) elbow B) knee C) ankle D) wrist E) shoulder

E) shoulder

63) Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction? A) opening the mouth B) turning the hand palm upward C) extreme bending of the head backwards D) moving the hand toward the shoulder E) spreading the fingers

E) spreading the fingers

75) The movement of the forearm while twisting a doorknob is A) protraction and retraction. B) abduction and adduction. C) flexion and extension. D) lateral rotation and medial rotation. E) supination and pronation.

E) supination and pronation.

12) The intervertebral disc joint is called a A) synarthrosis. B) glide joint. C) condylar joint. D) synchondrosis. E) symphysis.

E) symphysis.

22) Which of the following is not considered an accessory synovial structure? A) fat pads B) menisci C) tendons D) bursae E) synovial membrane

E) synovial membrane

37) Which one of the following is not a stabilizing factor of synovial joints? A) skeletal muscles around the joint B) the presence of a meniscus C) collagen fibers of the joint capsule D) fat pads around the joint E) the synovial membrane

E) the synovial membrane

101) The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the ________ ligament. A) cruciate B) fibular collateral C) patellar D) popliteal E) tibial collateral

E) tibial collateral