Chapter 9 - Quiz

In the context of prejudice, which of the following exemplifies discrimination?

Beatriz refuses to share her hostel room with a girl belonging to a minority population

what connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice

In Europe, prejudice is often greater among those whose positive self-image is threatened.

Identify the true statement about gay-lesbian prejudice.

In Western countries, support for same-sex marriage has increased dramatically over the past two decades.

Identify a true statement about the effect of stereotypes on the judgments of individuals.

Strong stereotypes that are irrelevant do color the judgments of individuals.

Karen's idea about what all football players are like is based on her knowledge of Tim Tebow. Which of the following is a problem with Karen's perception?

Tim Tebow, a vivid case, is not the best basis for judging the entire group of football players.

Eagly's (1994) women-are-wonderful effect is an example of:

a favorable stereotype

Which of the following characterizes an ethnocentric individual?

an intolerance for weakness

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of members from their own group than those from other groups is known as ________.

an own race bias

You are Black, and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery. This is an example of:

an own race bias

Around the world, people tend to prefer having:

baby boys

In Harber's (1998) study, poorly written essays received high ratings if participants were led to believe they were written by:

black students

In making its historic 1954 decision declaring segregated schools unconstitutional, the Supreme Court found it noteworthy that when the Clarks gave African American children a choice between Black dolls and White dolls, most:

chose the white dolls

Elena's boss fires her because he is downsizing his company. When she gets home in the evening, she criticizes her friend's choice of restaurant for dinner. What term best describes Elena's behavior?

displaced aggression

Kayla's grandparents emigrated from Europe. Kayla holds a strong belief that the people of her group and descent are superior to all others. She can accurately be described as a(n):

ethnocentric person

Which of the following actions constitutes subtle prejudice?

exaggerating ethnic differences

Bill is often described as judgmental, ethnocentric, and punitive. He believes in strict obedience to authority and is intolerant of weakness in others. Which of the following statements is likely to be true of Bill?

he has an authoritarian personality

In the context of the realistic group conflict theory in evolutionary biology, Gause's law states that maximum competition will exist between species with:

identical needs

Assuming that sick people are responsible for their illnesses is an example of the ________ phenomenon.

just world

People high in social dominance orientation tend to support policies that ________ hierarchies and oppose policies that ________ hierarchies.

maintain; undermine

According to Baumeister (2007), Brunner et al. (2013), and S. Pinker (2008), unlike women, men are ________.

nearly all the battlefield and death row casualties

The just-world phenomenon can lead people to think that:

rape victims must have acted seductively

Gordon Allport concluded, "The role of ________ is paradoxical. It makes prejudice and it unmakes prejudice."

religion

We tend to ________ the competence of those high in status and ________ those who agreeably accept a lower status.

respect; like

Daniel does not get the desired salary hike during his annual appraisal. He is disheartened and feels frustrated but is unable to question his manager. Instead, when he returns home, he shouts at his son for playing video games. In the context of the motivational sources of prejudice, this scenario exemplifies ________.

scapegoating

Sally believes that all psychology majors are nosey. Sally is surprised when she meets Jonathan because although he is a psychology major, he respects her privacy and does not push her to share things if she does not want to. In the context of subtyping, what will likely happen to Sally's stereotype of psychology majors?

she will say that Jonathan is an exception to the rule

________ are exceptions to a group; ________ are acknowledged as a part of an overall diverse group.

subtypes; subgroups

________ refers to accommodating individuals who deviate from one's stereotype by thinking of them as "exceptions to the rule."

subtyping

Ida is the captain of her school's soccer team. She believes that the members of her team are more diverse in terms of skill, experience, and possessing game strategies than the members of the rival soccer team. She perceives the rival team members to be alike in all aspects. In the context of the cognitive sources of prejudice, this scenario illustrates ________.

the outgroup homogeneity effect

In the context of the social sources of prejudice, identify a true statement about individuals high in social dominance orientation.

they prefer being on the top of a hierarchy