Chapter 9 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ETHICS IN MANAGEMENT

The term circular economy refers to:

A production system that is regenerative by design.

Depletion of the ozone layer, destruction of the rain forests, and species extinctions all have an impact on:

All of society.

Reasons for the destruction of rain forests include:

All of these answers are correct: Commercial logging. Cattle ranching. Conversion of forests to plantations.

Both large and small businesses have adopted sustainable practices to what advantage?

All of these answers are correct: Cost savings from operational efficiency. Opportunity to serve emerging economies. Reduction of regulatory risk.

Sustainable development:

Balances economic and environmental considerations.

By promoting the use of clean cookstoves in developing nations, a global alliance hopes to reduce:

Black carbon.

The core idea(s) of sustainable development is (are):

Both of these answers are correct: Economic development must be accomplished sustainably; and poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.

An example of codes of environmental conduct that have been developed by and for specific industries include:

Both of these answers are correct: The Equator Principles; and The Forest Stewardship Principles.

An organization that produces net zero emissions of greenhouse gases is achieving:

Carbon neutrality.

Life-cycle analysis involves:

Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal.

A shared resource, such as land, air, or water, that a group of people uses collectively is a(n):

Commons.

With respect to fresh water, according to one estimate, if it were possible to eliminate pollution, capture all available fresh water, and distribute fresh water equitably:

Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years.

The commitments of the Convention on Biological Diversity include:

Developing national conservation strategies.

The amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes given prevailing technology is called:

Ecological footprint.

The idea that companies have a continuing responsibility for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold, is called:

Extended product responsibility.

Arable land is accurately described by which statement?

It is a renewable resource.

Sustainable development through technology cooperation is best illustrated by:

Microsoft provided the Jane Goodall Institute with animal tracking tools.

Which of these factors has accelerated the current ecological crisis?

Rapid industrialization.

The most successful global businesses in coming years will be those companies that:

Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action.

The beverage industry's partnership Refrigerants Naturally! is attempting to:

Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals.

An example of industrial ecology in practice is:

Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process.

Global warming can be described by which of the following?

All of these answers are correct: The Earth has already warmed by between 0.7 and 1.1 degrees Celsius over the past century. Burning fossil fuels is the leading contributor of global warming. The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased by as much as 40 percent since the Industrial Revolution.

Which of the following statements is not true about the population?

Over the next century, population growth is expected to be greatest in developed nations.

A thin layer of gas that protects the Earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun is:

Ozone.

According to the case Clean Cooking, the widespread adoption of clean cookstoves would provide which of the following benefits:

Reduced health risks.