Chapter 9: Surgical Pharmacology and Anesthesia; Short answer: Anesthesia and Patient Monitoring, Pulse, Respirations, and Blood Pressure
Identify eight pulse points
temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis arteries, apical
Analyze the respiratory descriptions in the following table: (A) No respirations; 56-year-old man with chest pain (B) 32 respirations, regular and shallow; 76-year-old man with COPD (C) Unable to determine rate-fast, deep respirations; with periods of apnea; 45-year-old, preop rate (D) 32 respirations no audible sounds and irregular and deep; 2-month-old sleeping (E) 112 pulse; 28 deep regular respirations; 7-year-old watching TV (F) 10 respirations slow and even; 42-year-old man, home, sleeping (G) 8 respirations shallow and irregular; 32-year-old female, on morphine sulfate
(A) Abnormal; Apnea (B) Abnormal; Bradypnea (C) Abnormal; Complication (D) Abnormal; Cheyne-Stokes (E) Normal; N/A (F) Normal; N/A (G) Abnormal; Reaction
Analyze the pulse descriptions in the following table: (A) 60 regular, thread; 2 years old, confused (B) 80 regular full; 66 years old, sleeping (C) 110 regular bounding; 45 years old, preop rate (D) 56 regular full; 24-year-old triathlon contestant (E) 42 irregular thread; 76-year-old complaining of chest pain
(A) Abnormal; Heart defect (B) Normal; N/A (C) Normal; N/A (D) Abnormal; Dysrhythmias (E) Abnormal; Cardiac arrest
Define the following: (A) Dysrhythmia (B) PVC (C) Cardiac output
(A) An abnormal heart rhythm or rate caused by changes in the hearts electrical impulses. (B) Premature Ventricular Contractions; Extra heartbeats that begin in one of the ventricles of the heart. (C) The volume of blood being pumped out by the heart, the left and right ventricle, each minute.
Analyze the blood pressures described in the following table: (A) 110/60; 45-year-old, sleeping (B) 145/95; 55-year-old, at 8:00 a.m. in Walmart for the fourth morning in a row. (C) 165/105; 25-year-old with renal failure (D) 110/72; 8-year-old, preop, vocalizes some fear (E) 50/25; 2-month-old for inguinal hernia repair
(A) Normal (B) Abnormal (C) Abnormal (D) Normal (E) Normal
Define the following: (A) Eupnea (B) Obstructive apnea (C) Cheyne-Stokes breathing
(A) Normal, unlabored breathing, aka quiet breathing (B) Absence of spontaneous breathing due to an obstruction (C) Irregular breathing pattern with increased rate and depth followed by apnea
Analyze the normal temperatures: (A) Identify the normal oral temperature for the two most common measurement scales. (B) Identify the alternate methods of routes of taking the temperature (C) Compare the oral route temperature with the axillary and rectal routes. What is the difference?
(A) Normal= 98.6 F/37 C (B) Ear, rectal, surface/forehead, axillary (C) Axillary=armpit, 0.5-1 degrees F lower than oral temperatures. Rectal is about 0.5-1 degrees F higher than oral temperatures.
Define the following: (A) Systolic (B) Diastolic
(A) Phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts (B) Phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes
The trigger for increasing respirations is the level of
Carbon Dioxide
Identify the temperature control area of the brain.
Hypothalamus
What is the difference between Kortokoff and Kussmaul's?
Kortokoff: Heard through a stethoscope during expirartion. Kussmaul's: Fast, deep, labored breaths, over 20 per minute.
Identify the respiratory control area of the brain.
Medulla Oblongata
