chapter 9

Who called the stages of development psychosexual stages?

Sigmund Freud

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Children with FASD may have a large head size and abnormal facial features, poor judgement, poor impulse control, higher rates of ADHD, learning issues, and lower IQ scores.

The word "large" should be changed to "small"

Which of the following illustrates conservation?

Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, cigarettes, and alcohol are all examples of ________.

teratogens

During the early childhood years, the number of words a child uses increases at a rapid pace. This is sometimes referred to as the _________.

vocabulary spurt

Who believed that moral development, like cognitive development, follows a series of stages?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Which of the following does not occur during the concrete operational stage?

Children begin to use language

Soon after birth, a nurse almost drops Osei. He spreads his arms, pulls them back in, and then cries. This is an example of ________.

Moro reflex

Children whose parents have an authoritarian parenting style can be ___________.

anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy

During the _______ stage, children understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations.

concrete operational

Annaliese knows that her friend is paying an online service to write a term paper. This bothers her, but she knows that if she tells the teacher everyone will think she is a snitch. She decides her friends' approval is more important, so she says nothing about the cheating. What stage of moral reasoning does this exemplify?

conventional

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this?

disorganized

What does nature refer to in the nature vs nurture debate?

genes and biology

People in early adulthood (20s through early 40s) are ready to establish emotional closeness and maintain relationships with others. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

intimacy vs isolation

The concept conservation refers to ________.

knowing that even if you change the appearance of something, it is still equal in size as long as nothing has been removed or added