Chapters 1-4 Quizzes for Exam 1
Bolus
A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva
Gall Bladder
An organ that stores bile and releases it as needed into the small intestine
Which of the following sources of oils would be recommended as part of a healthy diet? a) Avocado b) Butter c) Lard d) Shortening
Avocado
Hormones
Chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another
What are 3 factors that contribute to ones diet
Culture Past experiences Age Ethnicity Religion
________ are used in digestion to speed the rate of reactions Insert question
Enzymes
Why is it important to study nutrition?
For your health
Leading causes of death in the United States
Heart disease: 647,457. Cancer: 599,108. Accidents (unintentional injuries): 169,936. Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 160,201. Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 146,383. Alzheimer's disease: 121,404. Diabetes: 83,564. Influenza and pneumonia: 55,672
__________ are chemical messengers that regulate processes in the body.
Hormones
Peristalsis
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.
Chyme
Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach.
__________ are beneficial bacteria _________ are what our microflora like to eat.
Probiotics, Prebiotics
What does the term "melting pot" mean in regards to American diet and lifestyle?
We have many different cultures and ethnicities all blending together
What qualifies a nutrient as being essential
You cannot survive without it
Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?
apples, apricots, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, garlic, legumes, onions, red peppers, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes.
refined grain product that has iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid added to replace amounts lostduring processing has been a) fortified. b) enriched. c) enhanced. d) supplemented.
enriched
Prebiotics
nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestine
Liver
produces bile
Key nutrition concepts
(1) An adequate diet, (2) A balanced diet, (3) Calorie control, (4) Moderation, and (5) Variety.
3) Derek wants to eat enough salad greens in one meal to equal 1 cup of vegetables. How much of the greens should he eat? a) ½ cup b) 1 cup c) 2 cups d) 1½ cups
2 cups
The Dietary Guidelines are updated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Departmentof Agriculture about every ________ years. a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 10
5
Please list examples of an Empty Calorie food and A Nutrient dense food
Cakes Cookies Sugary drinks Kale Spinach Beets
Enzymes
Catalysts for chemical reactions in living things
In the United States, consumers eat more ________ than recommended
Cheese Refined Grains Red Meat Sugary Drinks
Which diseases were more prevalent as a result of changing from a traditional whole food, minimally processed diet to one ofa processed, convenience and refined food products?
Diabetes Obesity High Blood Pressure Heart Disease
Small Intestine
Digestive organ where most chemical digestion and absorption of food takes place
Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs? a) Age b) Ethnicity c) Sex d) Health status
Ethnicity
Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs? a) Age b) Ethnicity
Ethnicity
All nutrients provide calories
False
Men and women have identical body physiological composition
False
The ____ produces ____ which is stored in gall bladder and is essential in the ___________ of fat.
Liver, Bile, Absorption
Foods that supply macronutrients
Meat and meat products (beef, chicken, lamb, pork or kangaroo) Fish and seafood. Eggs. Dairy food such as milk and yoghurt (also carbohydrate) Beans and pulses (also carbohydrates) Nuts (also fats) Soy and tofu products.
Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the ________ group. a) grains b) fruits c) protein d) dairy
Protein
Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices?
Religion Ethnicity Part Experience
Consuming a diet that supplies large amounts of certain types of fat increase one's risk of developing heart disease. Thus, a diet that supplies an excessive amount of such fats is a ________ for heart disease.
Risk Factor
Nutrition is the scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them
True
The process of adding Vitamin D and A to milk is fortification. a) True b) False
True
Water is the most essential nutrient
True
Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does NOT supply any energy for the human body?
Water
An essential nutrient
Water Protein Carbs Fat Vitamins Nutrients
bile
a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Stomach
large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food
Probiotics
live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect
According to the MyPlate guidelines, fruits and vegetables should account for about ________ of the food on a person's plate. a) one-half b) one-third c) one-quarter d) two-thirds
one half
___________ occurs when chyme passes by muscular contractions through the __________
segmentation, small intestine
Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that include a) eggs. b) milk and milk products. c) nuts. d) vegetables.
vegetables
Mouth
where digestion begins
Segmentation
Body is made up of a series of fused rings; external and internal structures are repeated segment by segment
Digestion
Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
What are the 6 classes of nutrients?
Water Protein Carbs Fat Vitamins Nutrients
