Chapters 1 & 2

What is the term for a social position that is accompanied by acceptable patterns of behavior?

a role

In a male-dominated wage economy, orphans and widows were commonly

aided by an emerging welfare system.

For what reasons did companionate marriage appeal to many men in growing white-collar industries?

as a remedy for alienation in the workplace

Colonial children were not considered innocent and were controlled through strict discipline and hard work, due primarily to which social force?

economic necessity

What theoretical perspective does the following statement represent? Individuals and groups with different resources, strengths, and weaknesses enter into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains.

exchange

Which of the following is NOT an important broad historic trend impacting the character of American family life?

families performing more functional tasks at home

In the late 1800s, long periods of family separation for Latinos and Chinese immigrants contributed to a culture of:

familism.

A theory that see ks to understand and ultimately reduce inequality between men and women.

feminist theory

African American families in the late nineteenth century had which of the following qualities?

greater gender equality

What theoretical perspective does the following statement represent? Family structure includes the progression from childhood to adulthood, which must be understood in a social and historical context.

life course perspective

Respect for elders, reliance on extended family networks, and matrilineal descent are characteristics of which Early American groups?

native Americans

The pervasive element of European and American society in which men controlled all property and had control over women and children is called

patriarchy.

The family in the second half of the twentieth century was heavily impacted by:

reduction of the home as a place of work.

Many women find themselves caring for adolescent children as well as aging parents. Social scientists call this population:

sandwich generation

The ideology that dictates that women are naturally ideal for homemaking is known as:

separate spheres.

Families began having fewer children in the nineteenth century. Which of the following was NOT a contributor to this change?

widely available information about birth control

A social space in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction.

Institutional Arena

Which of the following has NOT been a change to our understanding of childhood in the late twentieth century?

Children are more likely to experience trauma.

Which of the following is NOT a major trend in the historical changes in American family life?

Divorce rates have declined.

The institutional arena where labor for pay, economic exchange, and wealth accumulation take place.

Market

A Theory of the historical emergence of the individual as an actor in society and how individuality changed personal and institutional relations.

Modernity Theory

What is the benefit of time-use studies?

They allow researchers to collect detailed information on how families spend their time.

Between 1900 and 1965 the "industrial revolution" of household technologies such as dishwashers and microwave ovens impacted women's household labor in what way?

Women spent about the same amount of time on housework.

Which of the following is an example of a cohort?

baby boomers who all experienced the JFK assassination

The idealized "traditional" nuclear family, consisting of male breadwinner and female homemaker, was the most common arrangement:

beginning in the mid-twentieth century.

During the nineteenth century, the social construction of childhood developed in all of the following ways EXCEPT

children were seen as fundamentally innocent.

Appropriate parental discipline is decided by

common cultural understandings.

What theoretical perspective does the following statement represent? The roles of men and women are part of an "unstable system ripe for . . . change."

conflict

What theoretical perspective does the following statement represent? Society is the "collective expression of shared norms and values."

consensus

As mate selection became less a matter of economics and status and more an emotional endeavor, young people began the practice of

courtship

The author says that it is challenging to define family because

different people and cultures use different definitions

Humans' increased longevity over time is largely the result of

standard of living.

In which institutional arena does facilitation of divorce take place?

state