Chem 3 Study Guide

compound

- a pure substance that contains only one type of molecule

elements

- contains only one type of atom - all matter is composed of elements

new substances are always formed when matter undergoes a ______ a. change in shape b. physical change c. change in temperature d. chemical change

d. chemical chnage

a substances that can be separated into two or more substances only by a chemical change is a(n) ________ a. solution b. element c. mixture d. compound

d. compound

which of the following involves a chemical change? a. mixing b. melting c. grinding d. decomposing

d. decomposing

which of the following is not a state of matter? a. liquid b. solid c. plasma d. density e. gas

d. density

a(n) ________ of a pure can be observed without changing the substance a. chemical property b. atom c. element d. physical property

d. physical property

_____ is an example of a homogenous mixture that is very evenly mixed. a. m&ms b. chocolate chip cookies c. salad d. sugar water

d. sugar water

the chemical formula for a compound indicates ______ a. the source of the elements in the compound b. how elements are joined in the compound c. the alchemy symbols for the elements in the compound d. the relative proportions of the elements in the compound

d. the relative proportions of the elements in the compound

chemical properties

the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change or reaction

filtration

the process that separates a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture

law of definite proportions

to elements chemically combined with its own unique proportions

law of conservation of mass

when a substance undergoes a physical or chemical change the mass of the products equals the mass of the reactants

solid

a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume

liquids

a form of matter that has an indefinite shape, flows, and has a fixed volume

gas

a form of matter that takes both shape and volume of its container

distillation

a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid

mixture

a physical blend of two or more substances chemically combined

element

a substance that cannot be changed into a simpler substance under normal laboratory means

the chemical symbol for iron is _______ a. Fe b. FE c. I d. Ir

a. Fe

which of the following is an example of a physical property? a. color b. ability to rust c. flammability c. ability to combust

a. color

a material that cannot be broken down further by chemical means. a. element b. compound c. mixture d. substance

a. element

substances that CANNOT be broken down chemically into other substances are a. elements b. compounds c. mixtures d. solutions

a. elements

what happens to matter during any change in matter? a. matter is neither created or destroyed b. some matter is destroyed c. some matter is created d. some matter is destroyed and some is created

a. matter is neither created or destroyed

when an iron nail is ground into powder its mass a. stays the same d. decreases c. increases d. cannot be determined

a. stays the same

what must occur for a change to be a chemical change? a. there must be a change in chemical properties b. there must be a change in physical properties c. the change must involve a change in mass d. the change must involve a change in volume

a. there must be a change in chemical properties

which of the following is true about homogeneous mixtures? a. they are known as solutions b. they consist of tow or more phases c. they have compositions that never vary d. they are always liquid

a. they are known as solutions

physical change

alters a given material without changing its composition or what it is made of

mass

amount of matter in a sunstance

heterogeneous

not the same all the way through. Often two or more phases (solid and liquid like muddy water), usually can be separated fairly easily. Ingredients often not evenly distributed

heterogeneous mixture

not uniform composition

homogeneous mixture

of completely uniform composition

how many carbons does the compound C6H12O6 contain? a. 12 b. 6 c. 18 d. there is no carbon in this compound

b. 6

which of the following is a chemical property? a. color b. hardness c. freezing point d. ability to react with oxygen

d. ability to react with oxygen

which of the following is an example of a chemical change? a. melting butter b. mixing milk and chocolate c. breaking a pencil d. burning a marshmallow

d. burning a marshmallow

what is one difference between a mixture and a compound? a. a compound consists of more than one phase b. a compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means c. a mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means d. a mixture must be uniform in composition

b. a compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means

the parts of a mixture a. cannot be separated b. can be separated c. have new properties after they are mixed d. form a chemical combination of two or more atoms

b. can be separated

the first letter in a properly written chemical symbol is always _______ a. bold faced b. capitalized c. italicized d. underlined

b. capitalized

if you describe methane as a gas that easily catches fire, you are describing a a. chemical formula b. chemical property c. physical property d. state of matter

b. chemical property

which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of the container? a. solid b. liquid only c. gas only d. both a and c

b. liquid only

which state of matter is characterized by having indefinite shape, but a definite volume? a. solid b. liquid only c. gas only d. both b and c

b. liquid only

how many hydrogen atoms are in the compound (NH4)2SO4 a. 4 b. 1 c. 8 d. 6

c. 8

which of the following represents a compound? a. H b. H-3 c. H2O d. O-16

c. H2O

which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a compound? a. has different properties from the elements that formed it b. pure substance made of two or more elements c. different samples have different properties d. can be represented by a chemical formula

c. different samples have different properties

which of the following is a physical change? a. corrosion b. explosion c. evaporation d. rotting of food

c. evaporation

which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container? a. solid b. liquid only c. gas only d. both b and c

c. gas only

a compound a. is the same as a mixture b. has the same properties as the elements it is made of c. has different properties from the elements it is made of

c. has different properties from the elements it is made of

the statement "matter an neither be created nor destroyed" is the a. law of gravity b. law of conservation of energy c. law of conservation of mass d. law of multiple proportions

c. law of conservation of mass

anything that has mass and takes up space is an example of a. energy b. chemical change c. matter d. temperature

c. matter

which of the following is a physical property? a. explosive b. combustible c. melting point d. ability to rust

c. melting point

which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture? a. salt water b. brass c. salad d. sugar water

c. salad

which state of matter is characterized by having definite shape and a definite volume? a. gas b. liquid only c. solid only d. both b and c

c. solid only

physical properties

can be observed without changing the substance's composition or make-up

compound

composed of two or more substances chemically combined

pure substances

have the same physical properties throughout the entire sample

law of multiple proportions

if you have a chemical formula, the number of atoms in the formula will be a whole number

chemical change

is a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter

homogeneous

is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout