Chemistry Ch 5 Electrons in Atoms

How many d electrons can the second energy level hold?

0

the fourth principal energy level has ____ orbitals

16 orbitals

the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third principal energy level is

18

The order of filling orbitals is... 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4p, 3d 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p 4p, 4s, 3d, 3p, 3s, 2p, 2s, 1s

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p

Which one of the following is not the electronic configuration of atom of a noble gas? 1s2 1s2 2s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

1s2 2s2 because: 1s2 = He 1s2 2s2 2p6 = Ne 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 = Ar

The electronic configuration of an atom an element with atomic number 8 is... 1s2 2s6 1s2 2s2 2p6 2s2 2p6 1s2 2s2 2p4

1s2 2s2 2p4

What is the electronic configuration of an oxide ion O2-? 1s2 2s2 2p2 1s2 2s2 2p4 1s2 2s2 2p5 1s2 2s2 2p6

1s2 2s2 2p6

What is the electronic configuration of a sodium ion Na+? 1s2 2s2 2p6 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1

1s2 2s2 2p6 (remove 1 electron)

the electron configuration of calcium is

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

THE TOTAL NUMBER OF COMPLETELY FILLED ORBITALS IN AN ATOM OF NITROGEN IN THE GROUND STATE IS : A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

2

WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SUBLEVELS IN THE THIRD PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVEL ?

3 (s1p1d)

Which of the following is the highest energy orbital for a silicon atom?

3p

The first energy level which has f orbitals to fill is

4

The number of s electro~ in a single oxygen atom is

4

THE TOTAL NUMBER OF d ORBITALS IN THE THIRD PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVEL IS :

5

W~is the total number of orbitals containing electrons in a nitrogen atom?

5

How many d electrons are in an atom of cobalt?

7

THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ORBITALS IN AN f SUBLEVEL IS : A) 1 B) 3 C) 5 D) 7

7

Contains the first p electron

Boron (B)

IF N REPRESENTS THE PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVEL, THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ELECTRONS POSSIBLE IN THAT PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVEL IS EQUAL TO : A) N B) 2N C) N2 D) 2N2

D) 2N2

To occupy the same orbital, two electrons must have ___________ spins.

opposite

In order to occupy the same orbital, two electrons must have

opposite spin

Which one of the following statements about orbitals is incorrect ? orbitals can hold up to two electrons orbitals are regions in space where one is likely to find an electron orbitals can hold two electrons provided they are spinning in the same direction s, p, d and f orbitals are possible

orbitals can hold two electrons provided they are spinning in the same direction s, p, d and f orbitals are possible must be opposite direction (opposite spins)

The ____ effect occurs when light above the threshold frequency strikes a metal

photoelectric effect

a process in which electrons are ejected by metals when certain wavelengths of light shine on them

photoelectric effect

Einstein proposed that light is composed of particle-like quanta of energy; light quanta are known as

photons

Which one of the following statements is correct? the 3d sub level is filled before the 4s sub level the 3rd principal energy level only contains 8 electrons principal energy levels get closer together as they get further from the nucleus orbitals are always filled in numerical order

principal energy levels get closer together as they get further from the nucleus

the amount of energy required to move an electron from its present energy level to the next higher one

quantum of energy

When moving down a group (family) in the periodic table, the number of valence electrons

remains constant

The Group 3A elements through the Group 8A elements form an area of the periodic table where the electron sublevels being filled are

s and p orbitals

Which of the waves is not part of the electromagnetic spectrum? a. X-rays b. microwaves c. sound waves d. red light

sound waves

A range of colors seen when light passes through a prism

spectrum

When using the shorthand method for showing the electron configuration of an atom, ________________ are used to indicate the number of _________________ occupying each sublevel

superscripts ; electrons

Electrons enter the 4s sub-level before the 3d sub-level because... there is only one 4s orbital and there are 5 3d orbitals the 4s orbital is spherical the 4s orbital has a lower energy the 3d orbitals have a lower energy

the 4s orbital has a lower energy

The yet undiscovered element with atomic number 113 would be a member of

the Group 3A elements

Which statement about chromium is incorrect? chromium is a transition metal the electronic configuration of chromium atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 the electronic configuration of chromium atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4 chromium has an atomic number of 24

the electronic configuration of chromium atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4 It's one of the exceptions

Which statement about copper is incorrect? the electronic configuration of Cu+ is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 the electronic configuration of Cu2+ is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d9 the electronic configuration of copper atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10 the electronic configuration of copper atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9

the electronic configuration of copper atoms is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9 **Cu is one of the exceptions

the formula 2n2 represents

the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an energy level

2) Which one of the following statements about p orbitals is incorrect? a) they are found in all principal energy levels b) they have a dumb-bell shape c) there are three types of p orbital d) each p orbital can hold up to two electrons

they are found in all principal energy levels; not in level I

1) Which one of the following statements about s orbitals is incorrect ? a) they are found in all principal energy levels b) they are spherical in shape c) they can only hold one electron d) the maximum number of s orbitals in any principal level is 1

they can only hold one electron

The alkaline earth metals have how many valence electrons?

two (2)

The number of unpaired electrons in an oxygen atom is

two (2)

the maximum number of electrons allowed in each of the p orbitals is

two (2)

De Broglie developed the idea that matter in motion exhibits _______ properties

wave like

the distance between crests of waves

wavelength

True- False?? In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, when the electron is in the ground state, n = I.

Always True

True-False?? The Pauli exclusion principle states that an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons.

Always True

True-False?? The energy of a body can change only in small discrete units . (Quanta)

Always True

Contains a full third energy level.

Argon (Ar)

Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first.

Aufbau principle

describes the sequence in which orbitals are filled.

Aufbau principle

electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first

Aufbau principle

Correct electron configurations can be obtained by using the Aufbau diagram for the elements up to and including vanadium. __________________ and copper are exceptions to the Aufbau principle.

Chromium

Which element has the fewest electrons in its valence shell? a. Cs b. Mg c. P d. O e. Br

Cs

The ways in which electrons are arranged around the nuclei of atoms are called

Electron configuration

the SI unit of frequency

Hertz (Hz)

When electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbital until all the orbitals contain one electron with parallel spins.

Hund's Rule

WHICH PRINCIPAL ENERGY LEVEL CAN HOLD A MAXIMUM OF 18 ELECTRONS ?

Level 3 2(3)2 = 18

Which one of the following is not isoelectronic with the others? Fˉ Ne Na+ Mg+

Mg+ (12 - 1 = 11electrons)

Which of the following atoms has three unpaired electrons? B C N O

N

WHICH ATOM IN THE GROUND STATE CONTAINS ONLY ONE ORBITAL THAT IS PARTIALLY OCCUPIED ? A) Si B) Ne C) Ca D) Na

Na

True-False?? As many as four electrons can occupy the same orbital.

Never True

principle states that a maximum of only two (2) electrons can occupy each orbital

Pauli exclusion principal

An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons.

Pauli exclusion principle

In the equation E = H x V, H is called

Planck's Constant

6.6262 X 10⁻³⁴ Js

Planck's constant

True-False?? The orbitals of a principal energy level are lower in energy than the orbitals in the next higher principal energy level.

Sometimes True

Which one of the following ions has an electronic configuration similar to argon? Ti+ Ti2+ Ti3+ Ti4+

Ti4+

Hund's rule states that the electrons pair up only after each orbital in a sublevel is occupied by

a single electron

According to Hund's rule, when electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbit until

all the orbitals contain one electron, with spins parallel

the height of a wave from the origin to the crest

amplitude

the probability map (area) for an electron is called

an orbital

lines of colored light obtained by passing the light emitted by an element through a prism

atomic emission spectrum

a region outside the nucleus where there is high probability of finding an electron

atomic orbital

If the electron configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5, the element is a. iron b. bromine c. chlorine d. phosphorus

chlorine

Which one of the following statements about d orbitals is incorrect? they are not found in the first two principal energy levels they are associated with transition elements there are 5 types of d orbital d orbitals are filled before p orbitals in the same principal energy level

d orbitals are filled before p orbitals in the same principal energy level

Regions of space around the nucleus of an atom that can be occupied by one or two electrons with identical energy are called a. shells b. energy levels c. photons d. orbitals

d. orbitals

predicts that all matter exhibits wavelike motions

de Broglie's equation

As the frequency of light increases, the wavelength

decreases

The noble gases contain how many valence electrons? (Except for He)

eight (8)

the most stable arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom

electron configuration

The Aufbau Principle states that...? only two electrons can occupy an orbital electrons enter the lowest available energy level electrons remain unpaired if possible orbitals are regions in space where one is likely to find an electron

electrons enter the lowest available energy level

Hund's Rule states that... you must not sit next to another person on a bus electrons enter the lowest available energy level an orbital can hold up to two electrons electrons in similar energy orbitals remain unpaired as far as possible

electrons in similar energy orbitals remain unpaired as far as possible

the region around an atomic nucleus where an electron is likely to be moving

energy level

The various orbitals within a sublevel of a principle energy level are always of ________ energy

equal

a given set of d orbitals consists of _________ orbitals

five (5)

the number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time

frequency

The electron in a hydrogen atom has the least energy in the

ground state

the lowest energy level for a given electron

ground state

the quantum mechanical model of the atom

is concerned with the probability of finding an electron in a certain position