Chemistry Exam 1
An experimental laser has an emission wavelength of 1272 nm. Calculate the frequency of this laser emission.
2.36x10^14
A sample of chemical X is found to contain 5.0 grams of oxygen, 10.0 grams of carbon, and 20.0 grams of nitrogen. The law of definite proportion would predict that a 72 gram sample of chemical X should contain how many grams of carbon?
21
What is the highest energy orbital for a silicon atom?
3p
Unequal sharing of electrons between atoms in a molecule
polar covalent bond
Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers. (2) An atom is paramagnetic if it has one or more unpaired electrons in its atomic orbitals. (3) An atom is paramagnetic if it has no unpaired electrons in its atomic orbitals.
1 and 2
Consider the following orderings. 1. Na+ < Mg2+ < Al3+ < Si4+ 2. Be < Mg < Ca < Sr 3. I < Br < Cl < F 4. Al < Si < P < Cl Which of these give(s) a correct trend in ionization energy?
1, 3, 4
Consider the following portion of the energy-level diagram for hydrogen: n = 4 -0.1361 × 10-18 J n = 3 -0.2420 × 10-18 J n = 2 -0.5445 × 10-18 J n = 1 -2.178 × 10-18 J In the hydrogen spectrum, what is the wavelength of light associated with the n = 2 to n = 1 electron transition?
1.216 x 10^-7
Calculate the de Broglie wavelength, in meters, of a 4200-lb sport-utility vehicle moving at 57 miles per hour.
1.4 x 10^-38 m
What is the maximum number of electrons that can fit into the d subshell?
10
What is the ground state electron configuration for the boron atom?
1s2 2s2 2p1
Which of the following wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation is the highest in energy? 100 nm 200 nm 20 nm 700 nm 700 mm
20 nm
How many valence electrons does an arsenic, As, atom have?
5
In the Rutherford experiment, why were most of the alpha particles not deflected?
Most of the atom is empty space
If the Thomson model of the atom had been correct, Rutherford would have observed:
alpha particles going through the foil with little or no deflection.
The amount of energy needed to break a bond
bond energy
The distance between two atoms where the energy is lowest
bond length
How do metals form positive ions?
by losing one or more electrons
The force that holds atoms together
chemical bond
Type of bond formed when atoms share electrons
covalent bond
Which symbol indicates the orbital illustrated as a four leaf clover?
d
The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself
electronegativity
The lanthanide and actinide series are in the region of the periodic table in which ____ orbitals are filled.
f
The Greeks proposed that matter consisted of four fundamental substances:
fire, earth, water, air
Occurs between an atom that easily loses electrons and an atom that has a high affinity for electrons
ionic bond
A very reactive metal will have a _______.
small positive ionization energy
The first people to attempt to explain why chemical changes occur were
the Greeks
A point in the wave function where the amplitude is zero defines:
the node
A tested explanation for observed patterns or natural phenomena is called a
theory
"What goes up must come down" is an example of a scientific
law
What is the right unit for wavelength?
m
Elements on the left side of the periodic table are _____.
metals
Choose the atom with the greatest ionization energy: Na, K, Xe, Ar
Ar
Which one of the following elements has the lowest ionization energy? Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba
Ba
In the early 1800's, the atomic theory of matter was proposed by
Dalton
What concept or equation was most important in Schrödinger's formulation of the wave equation?
De Broglie's equation
Choose the correct electron configuration for a ground-state sodium atom. A.1s2 2s2 2p6 3p1 B.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 C.1s2 2s1 D.1s2 1p2 2p6 3s1 E.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
E
Which of the following equations correctly represents the process involved in the electron affinity of X? A. X+(g) + e- => X(g) B. X(g) => X+(g) + e- C. X+(g) + Y-(g) => XY(g) D. X+(g) => X+(aq) E. X(g) + e- => X-(g)
E
Which of the following statements from Dalton's atomic theory is no longer true, according to modern atomic theory? A. All atoms of a given element are identical. B. Atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions. C. Atoms are indivisible in chemical reactions. D. Elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms. E. All of the statements are true
E
An element E has the electron configuration [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p2. The formula for the fluoride of E is most likely:
EF4
Order the elements S, Cl, and F in terms of increasing atomic radii.
F, Cl, S
Which of the following statements best describes the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? -The exact position of an electron is always uncertain. -The location and momentum of a macroscopic object are not known with certainty. -The velocity of a particle can only be estimated. -The location and momentum of a particle can be determined accurately, but not the identity of the particle. -It is impossible to accurately know both the exact location and momentum of a particle.
It is impossible to accurately know both the exact location and momentum of a particle.
The scientist who discovered the law of conservation of mass and is also called the father of modern chemistry is:
Lavoisier
The size of an orbital is arbitrarily defined. (True/False)
True
Which of the following types of radiation has the highest frequency? Blue light Infrared X-rays Ultraviolet Radio waves
X-rays