Chemistry Final Exam Quizzes

30.0 g/100 mL of solution has a rotation of +15º in a 2.0 dm tube, the specific rotation is: a)+50 b)+25 c) +15 d) +7.5

B

According to the Lewis definition, a base is a(n) ___. a) proton donor b) electron pair donor c) hydroxide ion donor d) hydrogen ion donor e) electron pair acceptor

B

According to the present explanation of the role of atmospheric chlorofluorocarbons in ozone depletion, it is this species which destroys, i.e., reacts irreversibly with, ozone. A) F B) Cl C) O D) ClO E) FO

B

An acid, HA, has the following thermodynamic values for its dissociation in water at 27 ºC: △H = -8.0 kJ mol-1; △S = -70 J K-1mol-1. The △G for the process is: a) +29 kJ mol-1 b) +13 kJ mol-1 c) -6.1 kJ mol-1 d) -13 kJ mol-1 e) -29 kJ mol-1

B

An unsaturated product results from the reaction of cyclohexene with which of these? A) Br2/CCl4 at 25 °C B) NBS/CCl4, ROOR C) HCl, ROOR D) HCl, no peroxides E) More than one of these choices.

B

Name the following compound a) (E)-4-phenyl-4-methylbut-3-en-1-ol b) (E)-4-phenylpent-3-en-1-ol c) (Z)-4-phenylpent-3-en-1-ol d) (Z)-4-phenyl-4-methylbut-3-en-1-ol

B

Select the rate law for the following reaction, e.g., CH3CH2CH2CHBrCH3 + OH- ⟶CH3CH2CH2CHOHCH3 + Br -- A) Rate = k [RBr] B) Rate = k [RBr] [OH-] C) Rate = k [RBr]2 [OH-] D) Rate = k [RBr] [OH-]2 E) Rate = k [RBr]2 [OH-]2

B

The difference in the bond energies of reactants and the transition state of a reaction is designated by the notation: A) DH° B) DH‡ C) DG° D) DG‡ E) DS‡

B

The greatest degree of ionic character is anticipated for the bond between a) H and C. b) H and Cl. c) C and Cl. d) H and Br. e) Br and Cl.

B

The hybridization state of the carbon of a methyl radical is: A) sp B) sp2 C) sp3 D) sp4 E) p3

B

What group makes up the following aldehyde (benzaldehyde)? C6H5CHO A) benzyl B) phenyl C) heptyl D) ethyl E) None of these choices.

B

What is the formal charge on oxygen in the following structure? a) +2 b) +1 c) 0 d) -1 e) -2

B

What is the simplest alkane, i.e., the one with the smallest molecular weight, which possesses primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atoms? a) 2-Methylpropane b) 2-Methylbutane c) 2-Methylpentane d) 3-Methylpentane e) 2,2-Dimethylbutane

B

Which is the strongest acid? a) CH3CH2OH b) CH3CO2H c) HC≡CH d) CH2=CH2 e) CH3CH3

B

Which of the following alkyl bromide isomers would most readily undergo an SN2 reaction? a) bromocyclobutane b) 4-bromo-1-butene c) 3-bromo-1-butene d) 1-bromo-1-butene e) All will react at the same rate.

B

Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid? a) H2O b) (CH3)3N c) NH4+ d) CH3CO2H e) HC≡CH

B

Which of these is the common name for the 1,1-dimethylpropyl group? a) tert-Butyl b) tert-Pentyl c) Isopentyl d) Neopentyl e) sec-Pentyl

B

Which of these is the weakest of the intermolecular attractive forces taken individually? A) Ion-ion B) Dispersion forces C) Dipole-dipole D) Covalent bonding E) Hydrogen bonding

B

Which set of conditions does not result in allylic halogenation of an alkene? A) Cl2 at 400 °C B) Cl2 in CCl4 at 25 °C C) Cl2, ROOR, hn D) Br2 at low concentration in CCl4 E) N-Bromosuccinimide in CCl4, ROOR

B

which compound represents ketone

B

Which molecule would have the lowest heat of hydrogenation?

I

Select the potential energy diagram that represents a two-step endothermic (endergonic) reaction.

II

Select the structure of the major product formed in the following reaction.

II

The least stable conformation of butane is:

II

The major product of the following reaction would be:

II

What is the major product for the following reaction?

II

Which structure represents (R)-1-chloro-1-fluoroethane?

II

Which of the following can be described as cis isomers?

II and IV

Treating 1-methylcyclohexene with HCl would yield primarily which of these

III

What are the major product(s) formed by treating 1-methylcyclopentene with HBr and MeO-OMe?

III

Which Alkene would you expect to be the major product of the following dehydration

III

Which of the following is bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane?

III

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound?

3,5-Dimethyl-1-heptanol

Addition of 2 mol of HCl to 1-butyne would yield: a) CH3CH2CCl2CH3 b) CH3CH2CH=CHCl c) CH3CH2CH2CHCl2 d) CH3CH2CH2CHCl2

A

An equimolar mixture of two enantiomers is called a ___. a) Racemic mixture b) enantiomers c) diastereoisomers d) solution

A

IUPAC nomenclature of the following structure a) (R)-2-methyl-3-butyn-1-ol b)(S)-2-methyl-3-butyn-1-ol c)(R)-2-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol d)(S)-2-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol

A

IUPAC nomenclature of this compound a) (3R,4S)-4-bromo-2,3-dimethylhexane b) (2R,3S)-3-bromo-2-isopropylpentane c) both a and b d) none

A

In elimination reactions, the more highly substituted alkene product predominates a) Zaitzeff's Rule b) Hoffman's Rule c) Cahn-ingold Prelog rule d) Le Chatlier's Principle

A

SN1 reactions of the type, Nu- + RL ⟶Nu-R + L-, are favored A) when tertiary substrates are used. B) by using a high concentration of the nucleophile. C) when L- is a strong base. D) by use of a non-polar solvent. E) by none of these choices.

A

The compound NaOH is barely soluble in ethanol. The addition of which of the following solvents to ethanol would greatly increase the solubility of NaOH? A) H2O B) Et2O C) CH2Cl2 D) Benzene E) All of these choices.

A

Which cycloalkane has the greatest ring strain? a) Cyclopropane b) cyclobutane c) cyclopentane d) cyclohexane e) cycloheptane

A

Which is the most stable conformation of cyclohexane? a) chair b) boat c) staggered d) twist e) one half chair

A

Which of these substances contain both covalent and ionic bonds? a) NH4Cl b) H2O2 c) CH4 d) HCN e) H2S

A

Which reaction would yield 2-butyne? a) CH3CΞC:- Na+ + CH3Br b) CH3CH2Br + HCΞC:- Na+ c) CH3:- Na+ + HCΞCCH3 d) None of these choices

A

Which reagent(s) below could be used to synthesize cis-1,2-cycloheptanediol from cycloheptene a) KMnO4, OH-, 5oC b)KMnO4, H3O+, 75oC c)H2SO4, heat d) None of the above

A

A conjugate base of sulfuric acid is: a) H3SO4+ b) SO3 c) HSO4- d) H2SO3 e) HSO3-

C

A solution of which of these allenes will rotate plane-polarized light?

C

Cyclohexene reacts with bromine to yield 1,2-dibromocyclohexane. Molecules of the product would a) be a pair of diastereomers in the most stable conformation b) be a meso compound and, in its most stable conformation, c) be a racemic form and, in their most stable conformation, d) none of the above

C

Hydrogen atom abstraction from which position would yield the most stable free radical intermediate during the reaction of bromine with 2,2,3-trimethylpentane? A) C1 B) C2 C) C3 D) C4 E) C5

C

IUPAC Name of the following compound a) 2-Bromo-4-methylenehexane b) 2-(2-Bromopropyl)-1-butene c) 4-Bromo-2-ethyl-1-pentene d) 2-Bromo-4-ethyl-1-pentene

C

The number of unique open-chain structures corresponding to the molecular formula C3H5Cl is:

C

This species is a carbon-based Lewis acid: a) CH4 b) HCCl3 c) CH3+ d) :CH3- e)·CH3

C

What alkyl groups make up the following ether? A) ethyl and phenyl B) propyl and benzyl C) ethyl and benzyl D) propyl and phenyl E) None of these choices.

C

What functional group is present in the following compound? A) 1 alkyl halide B) 2 alcohol C) 2 alkyl halide D) 1 amine E) 3 alkyl halide

C

What is the formal charge on oxygen in the following structure? a) +2 b) +1 c) 0 d) -1 e) -2

C

Which compound is a secondary amine?

C

Which of the following gas-phase reactions is a possible chain-terminating step in the light-initiated chlorination of methane? A) Cl-Cl ⟶ 2Cl· B) Cl· + CH4 → CH3 + H-Cl C) CH3 + CH3·→ CH3-CH3 D) CH3 + Cl-Cl → CH3Cl + Cl· E) More than one of these choices.

C

Which of these compounds belongs to the class of substances commonly known as "halohydrins"? a) BrCH2CH2Cl b) ClCH2CO2H c) ICH2CH2OH d) FCH2CH2NH2

C

Why do the primary and secondary alcohols undergo rearrangements of carbon skeletons in dehydration . a) Primary carbocations are formed b) secondary cabocations are formed c) tertiary carbocations are formed d) tertiary carbanions are formed

C

Cis and Trans isomers are a) Diastereoisomers b) Enantiomers c) Stereoisomers d) More than one of these choices

D

Consider the SN2 reaction of 1-chloro-5-methylhexane with CN- ion. Assuming no other changes, what effect on the rate would result from simultaneously doubling the concentrations of both 1-chloro-5-methylhexane and NaCN? A) No effect. B) It would double the rate. C) It would triple the rate. D) It would increase the rate four times. E) It would increase the rate six times.

D

Convert 2-bromobutane to 1-butene in highest yield. Which reagents would you use? a) KOH/H2O b) CH3ONa/CH3OH c) CH3CH2ONa/CH3CH2OH d) (CH3)3COK/(CH3)3COH

D

Credit for the first synthesis of an organic compound from an inorganic precursor is usually given to ___. a) Berzelius b) Arrhenius c) Kekule d) Wöhler e) Lewis

D

Enantiomers are a) molecules that have a mirror image b) molecules that have at least one stereogenic center c) non-superposable molecules. d) non-superposable molecules with mirror images of each other

D

Markovnikov addition of HI to 2-methyl-2-butene involves: a) initial attack by an iodide ion. b) initial attack by an iodine atom. c) isomerization of 2-iodo-2-d) methylbutene d) formation of a carbocation at C-2.

D

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound? a) 3-Hydroxymethylheptane b) 3-Hydroxymethylhexane c) 3-Methyloxyheptane d) 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol e) 2-Ethyl-1-heptanol

D

What is the pH of a 1.0 M aqueous solution of CH3COOH given that its pKa value is 4.75? a) 0 b) 0.0021 c) 0.0042 d) 2.4 e) 2.7

D

Which Alkene would you expect to be most reactive toward acid-catalyzed hydration? a) 1-pentene b) trans-2-pentene c) cis-2-pentene d) 2-methyl-1-butene

D

Which molecule has a dipole moment of zero? A) CHCl3 B) CH2Cl2 C) ClHC=CH2 D) trans-ClHC=CHCl E) None of these choices.

D

Which of the following compounds contains polar covalent bonds? A) S8 B) LiF C) F2 D) CH3F E) None of these choices.

D

Which of the following is not a nucleophile? A) H2O B) CH3O- C) NH3 D) NH4+ E) All are nucleophiles.

D

Which of the following is true of any (S)-enantiomer a)It rotates plane-polarized light to the right. b) It rotates plane-polarized light to the left. c) It is a Racemic form d) It is the mirror image of the corresponding (R)-enantiomer.

D

is a generalized structural representation which can be used for all of the following, except: a) H2O b) H2Se c) H2S d) BeH2 e) There is no exception.

D

As the term "peroxide" is used in Chapter 10, it can refer to which structure(s)? A) ROOR B) ROOH C) D) Two of these choices. E) Three of these choices.

E

Free radicals can be produced by: A) use of high temperatures. B) irradiation with light. C) reaction of a molecule with another free radical. D) both use of high temperatures and irradiation with light. E) use of high temperatures, irradiation with light, and reaction of a molecule with another free radical.

E

In which of the following does the central atom have 2 pairs of non-bonding electrons? a) O3 b) CO2 c) CO32- d) NH4+ e) H2S

E

Select the least electronegative element from the list below. a) P b) N c) Mg d) Si e) K

E

The amide ion, NH2-, is a base which can be used only in which of the solvents shown below: a) CH3OH b) CH3CH2OH c) H2O d) D2O e) Liquid NH3

E

The reaction, has the following thermodynamic values at 27.0 ºC: DH = -75.3 kJ mol-1; DS = 54.4 J K-1 mol-1. What is the value of DG for this reaction? A) -73.8 kJ mol-1 B) -76.8 kJ mol-1 C) -59.0 kJ mol-1 D) +91.6 kJ mol-1 E) -91.6 kJ mol-1

E

Which is not a polar aprotic solvent?

E

Which of the following organic compounds is the strongest acid? a) C6H12 pKa = 52 b) CH3CH3 pKa = 50 c) CH3CH2OH pKa = 18 d) CH3CO2H pKa = 5 e) CF3CO2H pKa = 0

E

Which of these molecules is not expected to arise as a product of the high temperature chlorination of methane? A) CCl4 B) HCCl3 C) CH2Cl2 D) CH3CH3 E) CH2=CH2

E

Addition of HX to the Alkene the H atom adds to the carbon atom which has more # of H.

True

Stability of Alkenes follows the following order

True

trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane exists as a pair of enantiomers

True

Select the systematic name for

trans-1,3-Dichlorocyclopentane